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5,35

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-35, verse-43

जरा रूपं हरति हि धैर्यमाशा मृत्युः प्राणान्धर्मचर्यामसूया ।
क्रोधः श्रियं शीलमनार्यसेवा ह्रियं कामः सर्वमेवाभिमानः ॥४३॥
43. jarā rūpaṁ harati hi dhairyamāśā; mṛtyuḥ prāṇāndharmacaryāmasūyā ,
krodhaḥ śriyaṁ śīlamanāryasevā; hriyaṁ kāmaḥ sarvamevābhimānaḥ.
43. jarā rūpam harati hi dhairyam āśā
mṛtyuḥ prāṇān dharmacaryām asūyā
krodhaḥ śriyam śīlam anāryasevā
hriyam kāmaḥ sarvam eva abhimānaḥ
43. Old age, indeed, destroys beauty. Excessive desire destroys fortitude. Death destroys life. Envy destroys the practice of natural law (dharma). Anger destroys prosperity. Association with ignoble people destroys good conduct. Lust destroys modesty. And pride destroys everything.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • जरा (jarā) - old age, decrepitude
  • रूपम् (rūpam) - beauty, form, appearance
  • हरति (harati) - takes away, destroys, carries off
  • हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
  • धैर्यम् (dhairyam) - fortitude, patience, steadfastness
  • आशा (āśā) - excessive desire (hope, expectation, desire)
  • मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death
  • प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, vital breaths
  • धर्मचर्याम् (dharmacaryām) - the practice of righteousness, performance of sacred duty (dharma)
  • असूया (asūyā) - envy, jealousy, malignity
  • क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath
  • श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, wealth, glory, fortune
  • शीलम् (śīlam) - good conduct, character, morality
  • अनार्यसेवा (anāryasevā) - service of ignoble people, association with ignoble people
  • ह्रियम् (hriyam) - modesty, shame, humility
  • कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire, lust, love
  • सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything
  • एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
  • अभिमानः (abhimānaḥ) - pride, arrogance, self-conceit

Words meanings and morphology

जरा (jarā) - old age, decrepitude
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of jarā
jarā - old age, decrepitude, decay
From root jṛ (to become old).
Root: jṛ (class 1)
रूपम् (rūpam) - beauty, form, appearance
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa
rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, image
From root rūp (to form).
Root: rūp (class 10)
Note: Object of harati.
हरति (harati) - takes away, destroys, carries off
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hṛ
Present tense, active voice
3rd person singular present active of hṛ.
Root: hṛ (class 1)
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
धैर्यम् (dhairyam) - fortitude, patience, steadfastness
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dhairya
dhairya - fortitude, patience, steadfastness, firmness
From dhīra (firm, steady) + ya suffix.
Note: Object of implied harati.
आशा (āśā) - excessive desire (hope, expectation, desire)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of āśā
āśā - hope, expectation, desire, direction
From root āś (to eat, to reach, to desire).
Root: āś (class 5)
Note: Subject of implied harati.
मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu
mṛtyu - death, mortality, the god of death (Yama)
From root mṛ (to die).
Root: mṛ (class 6)
Note: Subject of implied harati.
प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, vital breaths
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa
prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, vital principle
From pra + root an (to breathe).
Prefix: pra
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Object of implied harati.
धर्मचर्याम् (dharmacaryām) - the practice of righteousness, performance of sacred duty (dharma)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of dharmacaryā
dharmacaryā - practice of natural law (dharma), performance of sacred duty, righteous conduct
From dharma (natural law, duty) + caryā (conduct, practice).
Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+caryā)
  • dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
    noun (masculine)
    From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
    Root: dhṛ (class 1)
  • caryā – conduct, practice, behavior
    noun (feminine)
    From root car (to move, to perform).
    Root: car (class 1)
Note: Object of implied harati.
असूया (asūyā) - envy, jealousy, malignity
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of asūyā
asūyā - envy, jealousy, malignity, ill-will
From a (negation) + sūyā (bearing, producing). Or related to sūy (to be jealous).
Root: sūy (class 1)
Note: Subject of implied harati.
क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha
krodha - anger, wrath, fury
From root krudh (to be angry).
Root: krudh (class 4)
Note: Subject of implied harati.
श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, wealth, glory, fortune
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī
śrī - prosperity, wealth, fortune, glory, beauty, well-being, Lakshmi
Root: śrī (class 1)
Note: Object of implied harati.
शीलम् (śīlam) - good conduct, character, morality
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śīla
śīla - conduct, character, habit, good behavior, morality
From root śīl (to practice, to serve).
Root: śīl (class 1)
Note: Object of implied harati.
अनार्यसेवा (anāryasevā) - service of ignoble people, association with ignoble people
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of anāryasevā
anāryasevā - service of the ignoble, association with ignoble people, serving unworthy persons
From anārya (ignoble, unworthy) + sevā (service, attendance).
Compound type : tatpurusha (anārya+sevā)
  • anārya – ignoble, unworthy, non-Aryan
    adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
    Negative prefix an- + ārya (noble).
    Prefix: an
  • sevā – service, attendance, worship, association
    noun (feminine)
    From root sev (to serve, attend).
    Root: sev (class 1)
Note: Subject of implied harati.
ह्रियम् (hriyam) - modesty, shame, humility
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of hrī
hrī - modesty, shame, humility, bashfulness
From root hrī (to be ashamed).
Root: hrī (class 1)
Note: Object of implied harati.
कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire, lust, love
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma
kāma - desire, wish, longing, love, lust, pleasure
From root kam (to desire).
Root: kam (class 1)
Note: Subject of implied harati.
सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, entire
Note: Object of implied harati.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
अभिमानः (abhimānaḥ) - pride, arrogance, self-conceit
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimāna
abhimāna - pride, arrogance, self-conceit, ego, high opinion of oneself
From abhi + root man (to think).
Prefix: abhi
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Subject of implied harati.