महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-35, verse-27

हन्ति जातानजातांश्च हिरण्यार्थेऽनृतं वदन् ।
सर्वं भूम्यनृते हन्ति मा स्म भूम्यनृतं वदीः ॥२७॥

27. hanti jātānajātāṁśca hiraṇyārthe'nṛtaṁ vadan ,
sarvaṁ bhūmyanṛte hanti mā sma bhūmyanṛtaṁ vadīḥ.

27. hanti jātān ajātān ca hiraṇyārthe anṛtam vadan
sarvam bhūmyanṛte hanti mā sma bhūmyanṛtam vadīḥ

27. Telling a lie for the sake of gold (hiraṇya) destroys both those who are born and those yet to be born. Telling a lie about land destroys everything. Therefore, never speak a lie about land!

Words meanings summery:

• हन्ति (hanti) - Incurs demerit or destroys spiritual merit, implying severe karmic consequence. (kills, strikes, destroys)

• जातान् (jātān) - Those who have already taken birth (living beings). (born, originated)

• अजातान् (ajātān) - Those who are yet to be born (future generations). (unborn, not yet born)

• च (ca) - and, also

• हिरण्यार्थे (hiraṇyārthe) - Motivated by the desire for wealth. (for the sake of gold (hiraṇya))

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - The lie itself. (falsehood, lie)

• वदन् (vadan) - The act of uttering a lie. (speaking, saying)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - Total destruction of one's merit, or all consequences. (all, whole, everything)

• भूम्यनृते (bhūmyanṛte) - When a lie is told specifically concerning land or property. (regarding a lie about land)

• हन्ति (hanti) - Incurs demerit or destroys spiritual merit, implying severe karmic consequence. (kills, strikes, destroys)

• मा (mā) - Used to form a strong prohibition. (not, do not)

• स्म (sma) - Emphatic particle reinforcing the prohibition. (indeed, certainly)

• भूम्यनृतम् (bhūmyanṛtam) - The specific lie about land that is being prohibited. (a falsehood concerning land)

• वदीः (vadīḥ) - In this context, with `mā sma`, it means 'do not speak'. ((you) should speak (injunctive))

Words meanings and morphology

हन्ति (hanti) - Incurs demerit or destroys spiritual merit, implying severe karmic consequence. (kills, strikes, destroys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of han

Present tense

Present active, 3rd person singular

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The subject is implied as 'one who tells the lie'.

जातान् (jātān) - Those who have already taken birth (living beings). (born, originated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √jan

Root: jan (class 4)

अजातान् (ajātān) - Those who are yet to be born (future generations). (unborn, not yet born)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ajāta

ajāta - unborn, not yet born

Negative Past Passive Participle

Derived from a- + √jan

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jāta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• jāta – born, produced, arisen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

हिरण्यार्थे (hiraṇyārthe) - Motivated by the desire for wealth. (for the sake of gold (hiraṇya))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of hiraṇyārtha

hiraṇyārtha - for the sake of gold, pertaining to gold

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hiraṇya+artha)

• hiraṇya – gold, wealth
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative case used to denote purpose or reason.

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - The lie itself. (falsehood, lie)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untrue, falsehood, lie

Negative compound a- + ṛta (truth)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• ṛta – truth, cosmic order, right
  noun (neuter)

वदन् (vadan) - The act of uttering a lie. (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

Derived from √vad

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: The subject of 'hanti' (kills/destroys) is this participle, 'one who is speaking'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - Total destruction of one's merit, or all consequences. (all, whole, everything)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Functions as the object of 'hanti'.

भूम्यनृते (bhūmyanṛte) - When a lie is told specifically concerning land or property. (regarding a lie about land)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhūmyanṛta

bhūmyanṛta - falsehood concerning land

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+anṛta)

• bhūmi – earth, land, ground
  noun (feminine)
• anṛta – untrue, falsehood, lie
  noun (neuter)
  Negative compound a- + ṛta (truth)

Note: Implies 'in the matter of' or 'concerning'.

हन्ति (hanti) - Incurs demerit or destroys spiritual merit, implying severe karmic consequence. (kills, strikes, destroys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of han

Present tense

Present active, 3rd person singular

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The subject is implied as 'one who tells the lie'.

मा (mā) - Used to form a strong prohibition. (not, do not)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with an injunctive verb for prohibition.

स्म (sma) - Emphatic particle reinforcing the prohibition. (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Often used with present tense verbs to denote past action, or as an emphatic particle.

भूम्यनृतम् (bhūmyanṛtam) - The specific lie about land that is being prohibited. (a falsehood concerning land)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhūmyanṛta

bhūmyanṛta - falsehood concerning land

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+anṛta)

• bhūmi – earth, land, ground
  noun (feminine)
• anṛta – untrue, falsehood, lie
  noun (neuter)
  Negative compound a- + ṛta (truth)

वदीः (vadīḥ) - In this context, with `mā sma`, it means 'do not speak'. ((you) should speak (injunctive))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, injunctive (luṅ) of vad

Injunctive mood

Injunctive active, 2nd person singular

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: This is an aorist form (luṅ) used as an injunctive. The root √vad belongs to class 1.