महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-22, verse-52

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घातयित्वा जरासंधं बुद्धिपूर्वमरिंदमः ।
धर्मराजमनुज्ञाप्य पृथां कृष्णां च भारत ॥५२॥

52. ghātayitvā jarāsaṁdhaṁ buddhipūrvamariṁdamaḥ ,
dharmarājamanujñāpya pṛthāṁ kṛṣṇāṁ ca bhārata.

52. ghātayitvā jarāsaṃdham buddhipūrvam ariṃdamaḥ
dharmarājam anujñāpya pṛthām kṛṣṇām ca bhārata

52. O Bhārata, having deliberately caused the enemy Jarāsaṃdha to be killed, the subduer of foes (Kṛṣṇa) then took leave of Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira), Pṛthā (Kuntī), and Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having caused to be killed

जरासंधम् (jarāsaṁdham) - Jarāsaṃdha (name of a king)

बुद्धिपूर्वम् (buddhipūrvam) - deliberately (intentionally, thoughtfully, deliberately)

अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies

धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - Yudhiṣṭhira (dharmarāja) (Dharmarāja (epithet of Yudhiṣṭhira))

अनुज्ञाप्य (anujñāpya) - having taken leave of (having taken leave of, having permitted)

पृथाम् (pṛthām) - Pṛthā (Kuntī)

कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

च (ca) - and

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (vocative addressed to an interlocutor) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

Words meanings and morphology

घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having caused to be killed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From causative stem of root han (to kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

जरासंधम् (jarāsaṁdham) - Jarāsaṃdha (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jarāsaṃdha

jarāsaṁdha - Jarāsaṃdha (name of a powerful king of Magadha, enemy of Kṛṣṇa)

Note: Object of 'ghātayitvā'.

बुद्धिपूर्वम् (buddhipūrvam) - deliberately (intentionally, thoughtfully, deliberately)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of buddhipūrva

buddhipūrva - preceded by intellect, deliberate, intentional, thoughtful

Tatpuruṣa compound: buddhi (intellect) + pūrva (preceding). Used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (buddhi+pūrva)

buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind
noun (feminine)
From root budh.
Root: budh (class 1)
pūrva – former, prior, preceding
adjective (masculine)
Root: pṛ

Note: Adverbial usage.

अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, enemy-tamer

Compound: ari (enemy) + dama (taming, subduing).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

ari – enemy, foe
noun (masculine)
Root: ṛ (class 3)
dama – taming, subduing, controlling
noun (masculine)
From root dam (to tame, subdue).
Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa.

धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - Yudhiṣṭhira (dharmarāja) (Dharmarāja (epithet of Yudhiṣṭhira))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, king of justice; name of Yama or Yudhiṣṭhira

Tatpuruṣa compound: dharma (righteousness) + rāja (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

dharma – natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
rājan – king, ruler
noun (masculine)
Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'anujñāpya'.

अनुज्ञाप्य (anujñāpya) - having taken leave of (having taken leave of, having permitted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From causative stem of anu-jñā (to permit, allow), here used with the sense of 'having sought and received permission/taken leave'.

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

पृथाम् (pṛthām) - Pṛthā (Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthā

pṛthā - Pṛthā (another name for Kuntī, mother of the Pāṇḍavas)