महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-22, verse-50

युधिष्ठिराभ्यनुज्ञातास्ते नृपा हृष्टमानसाः ।
जग्मुः स्वदेशांस्त्वरिता यानैरुच्चावचैस्ततः ॥५०॥

50. yudhiṣṭhirābhyanujñātāste nṛpā hṛṣṭamānasāḥ ,
jagmuḥ svadeśāṁstvaritā yānairuccāvacaistataḥ.

50. yudhiṣṭhirābhyanujñātāḥ te nṛpāḥ hṛṣṭamānasāḥ
jagmuḥ svadeśān tvaritāḥ yānaiḥ uccāvacaiḥ tataḥ

50. Then, those kings, their hearts joyful, having received permission from Yudhiṣṭhira, swiftly departed for their own countries in various vehicles.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिराभ्यनुज्ञाताः (yudhiṣṭhirābhyanujñātāḥ) - permitted by Yudhiṣṭhira

• ते (te) - those

• नृपाः (nṛpāḥ) - kings

• हृष्टमानसाः (hṛṣṭamānasāḥ) - with joyful minds, joyful-hearted

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went

• स्वदेशान् (svadeśān) - to their own countries

• त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swiftly (swift, hurried)

• यानैः (yānaiḥ) - by conveyances, by vehicles

• उच्चावचैः (uccāvacaiḥ) - by various (types of) (by high and low, by various)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिराभ्यनुज्ञाताः (yudhiṣṭhirābhyanujñātāḥ) - permitted by Yudhiṣṭhira

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yudhiṣṭhirābhyanujñāta

yudhiṣṭhirābhyanujñāta - permitted or consented to by Yudhiṣṭhira

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jñā with upasargas abhi-anu (to permit, allow) and then compounded with Yudhiṣṭhira.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yudhiṣṭhira+abhyanujñāta)

• yudhiṣṭhira – firm in battle; name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother
  proper noun (masculine)
• abhyanujñāta – permitted, allowed, consented to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jñā with upasargas abhi-anu.
  Prefixes: abhi+anu
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'nṛpāḥ'.

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the kings.

नृपाः (nṛpāḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

From nṛ (man) + pā (to protect).

Note: Subject of the sentence.

हृष्टमानसाः (hṛṣṭamānasāḥ) - with joyful minds, joyful-hearted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭamanas

hṛṣṭamanas - joyful-minded, cheerful, glad

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'whose mind is joyful'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛṣṭa+manas)

• hṛṣṭa – gladdened, pleased, joyful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hṛṣ (to be joyful).
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart, soul
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'nṛpāḥ'.

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

perfect active

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb for 'nṛpāḥ'.

स्वदेशान् (svadeśān) - to their own countries

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svadeśa

svadeśa - one's own country or region

Tatpuruṣa compound: sva (own) + deśa (country).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+deśa)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective (masculine)
• deśa – country, region, place
  noun (masculine)
  Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of motion.

त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swiftly (swift, hurried)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - quick, swift, hurried, prompt

Past Passive Participle

From root tvar (to hasten).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'nṛpāḥ'.

यानैः (yānaiḥ) - by conveyances, by vehicles

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of yāna

yāna - going, moving; vehicle, carriage, journey

From root yā (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Instrument of travel.

उच्चावचैः (uccāvacaiḥ) - by various (types of) (by high and low, by various)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of uccāvaca

uccāvaca - high and low, various, diverse

Dvandva compound of ucca (high) and avaca (low).

Compound type : dvandva (ucca+avaca)

• ucca – high, lofty, elevated
  adjective (masculine)
• avaca – low, depressed, inferior
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'yānaiḥ'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.