महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-16, verse-46

एष कालगतिश्चित्रा संवत्सरयुगादिषु ।
भावाभावौ तदात्वे च अयने दक्षिणोत्तरे ॥४६॥

46. eṣa kālagatiścitrā saṁvatsarayugādiṣu ,
bhāvābhāvau tadātve ca ayane dakṣiṇottare.

46. eṣaḥ kālagatiḥ citrā saṃvatsarayugādiṣu
bhāvābhāvau tadātve ca ayane dakṣiṇottare

46. eṣaḥ citrā kālagatiḥ saṃvatsarayugādiṣu
bhāvābhāvau tadātve ca ayane dakṣiṇottare

46. This varied course of time is evident in the cycles of years and cosmic eras, in the phenomena of existence and non-existence at any given moment, and in the southern and northern solstices.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

• कालगतिः (kālagatiḥ) - course of time, movement of time

• चित्रा (citrā) - varied, wonderful, extraordinary, peculiar

• संवत्सरयुगादिषु (saṁvatsarayugādiṣu) - in years, cosmic eras, and so on

• भावाभावौ (bhāvābhāvau) - existence and non-existence, coming into being and ceasing to be

• तदात्वे (tadātve) - at that time, at any given moment, in the present

• च (ca) - and, also

• अयने (ayane) - in the solstices, in the movements (of the sun)

• दक्षिणोत्तरे (dakṣiṇottare) - southern and northern

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

कालगतिः (kālagatiḥ) - course of time, movement of time

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kālagati

kālagati - course of time, movement of time

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+gati)

• kāla – time, period, era
  noun (masculine)
• gati – movement, course, progress, way
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gam (class 1)

चित्रा (citrā) - varied, wonderful, extraordinary, peculiar

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of citra

citra - varied, wonderful, strange, bright

संवत्सरयुगादिषु (saṁvatsarayugādiṣu) - in years, cosmic eras, and so on

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of saṃvatsarayugādi

saṁvatsarayugādi - years, yugas, etc.

Compound type : dvandva + tatpuruṣa (saṃvatsara+yuga+ādi)

• saṃvatsara – year
  noun (masculine)
• yuga – epoch, age, cosmic era, pair
  noun (neuter)
• ādi – beginning, and so on, etc.
  noun (masculine)

भावाभावौ (bhāvābhāvau) - existence and non-existence, coming into being and ceasing to be

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhāvābhāva

bhāvābhāva - existence and non-existence

Compound type : dvandva (bhāva+abhāva)

• bhāva – existence, being, state, disposition
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• abhāva – non-existence, absence, non-being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

तदात्वे (tadātve) - at that time, at any given moment, in the present

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tadātva

tadātva - the present state, the existing condition

Derived from 'tadā' (then) with suffix '-tva' (abstract noun).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अयने (ayane) - in the solstices, in the movements (of the sun)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of ayana

ayana - path, course, movement, solstice

Root: i (class 2)

दक्षिणोत्तरे (dakṣiṇottare) - southern and northern

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, dual of dakṣiṇottara

dakṣiṇottara - southern and northern (directions/movements)

Compound type : dvandva (dakṣiṇa+uttara)

• dakṣiṇa – southern, right, skillful
  adjective (neuter)
• uttara – northern, upper, later, higher
  adjective (neuter)