महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-16, verse-13

स दृष्टवान्महादेवमस्तौषीच्च स्तवैर्विभुम् ।
पवित्राणां पवित्रस्त्वं गतिर्गतिमतां वर ।
अत्युग्रं तेजसां तेजस्तपसां परमं तपः ॥१३॥

13. sa dṛṣṭavānmahādevamastauṣīcca stavairvibhum ,
pavitrāṇāṁ pavitrastvaṁ gatirgatimatāṁ vara ,
atyugraṁ tejasāṁ tejastapasāṁ paramaṁ tapaḥ.

13. saḥ dṛṣṭavān mahādevam astauṣīt ca
stavaiḥ vibhum pavitrāṇām pavitraḥ
tvam gatiḥ gatimatām vara atyugram
tejasām tejaḥ tapasām paramam tapaḥ

13. saḥ mahādevam dṛṣṭavān ca stavaiḥ
vibhum astauṣīt tvam pavitrāṇām pavitraḥ
gatimatām gatiḥ vara atyugram
tejasām tejaḥ tapasām paramam tapaḥ

13. He beheld Mahādeva and praised the all-pervading Lord with hymns. (He said,) 'You are the holiest of holy things, the supreme destination (gati) for those who seek refuge, O excellent one! You are the fiercest brilliance among all forms of radiance, and the ultimate (tapas) among all austerities.'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Taṇḍi (he, that one)

• दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - saw, beheld, perceived

• महादेवम् (mahādevam) - Object of 'dṛṣṭavān' (Mahādeva (a name for Shiva))

• अस्तौषीत् (astauṣīt) - he praised

• च (ca) - and

• स्तवैः (stavaiḥ) - by praises, with hymns

• विभुम् (vibhum) - Object of 'astauṣīt' (the all-pervading, the lord, the powerful)

• पवित्राणाम् (pavitrāṇām) - among the purifiers, of the sacred ones

• पवित्रः (pavitraḥ) - holy, pure, a purifier

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - ultimate destination, refuge (gati) (movement, path, refuge, destination)

• गतिमताम् (gatimatām) - of those who seek refuge (of those who have destination/refuge, of those who move)

• वर (vara) - O best, O excellent one, O boon

• अत्युग्रम् (atyugram) - exceedingly fierce, most intense

• तेजसाम् (tejasām) - of splendors, of glories

• तेजः (tejaḥ) - splendor, radiance, energy

• तपसाम् (tapasām) - of austerities (tapas) (of austerities, of penances)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• तपः (tapaḥ) - ultimate austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, spiritual fervor)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Taṇḍi (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Taṇḍi

दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - saw, beheld, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭavat

dṛṣṭavat - having seen, one who has seen

Past Active Participle

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -kavatu

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महादेवम् (mahādevam) - Object of 'dṛṣṭavān' (Mahādeva (a name for Shiva))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahādeva

mahādeva - Great God, a title of Shiva

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+deva)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• deva – god, deity, divine being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭavān'

अस्तौषीत् (astauṣīt) - he praised

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Aorist (luṅ) of stu

Aorist tense

Root 'stu', aorist 3rd person singular

Root: stu (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

स्तवैः (stavaiḥ) - by praises, with hymns

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of stava

stava - praise, eulogy, hymn, panegyric

Root: stu (class 2)

विभुम् (vibhum) - Object of 'astauṣīt' (the all-pervading, the lord, the powerful)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - all-pervading, mighty, supreme, lord, master

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'astauṣīt'

पवित्राणाम् (pavitrāṇām) - among the purifiers, of the sacred ones

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of pavitra

pavitra - pure, sacred, holy, a purifier, strainer (especially for soma)

Root: pū (class 1)

पवित्रः (pavitraḥ) - holy, pure, a purifier

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pavitra

pavitra - pure, sacred, holy, a purifier, strainer (especially for soma)

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Concordant with 'tvam'

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

गतिः (gatiḥ) - ultimate destination, refuge (gati) (movement, path, refuge, destination)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, moving, motion, path, course, destination, refuge, means of attaining

Root: gam (class 1)

गतिमताम् (gatimatām) - of those who seek refuge (of those who have destination/refuge, of those who move)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gatimat

gatimat - possessing movement, having a path, having a destination, seeking refuge

Matup suffix

Derived from gati with suffix -mat

वर (vara) - O best, O excellent one, O boon

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, desired, boon, choice

Root: vṛ (class 9)

अत्युग्रम् (atyugram) - exceedingly fierce, most intense

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of atyugra

atyugra - exceedingly fierce, tremendously powerful, very violent

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+ugra)

• ati – exceeding, very, beyond
  indeclinable
• ugra – fierce, terrible, mighty, severe
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: uj (class 6)

Note: Concordant with 'tejaḥ'

तेजसाम् (tejasām) - of splendors, of glories

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of tejas

tejas - splendor, radiance, energy, power, glory

Root: tij (class 6)

तेजः (tejaḥ) - splendor, radiance, energy

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, radiance, energy, power, glory

Root: tij (class 6)

तपसाम् (tapasām) - of austerities (tapas) (of austerities, of penances)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, penance, asceticism, austerity, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, ultimate, best, most excellent

Note: Concordant with 'tapaḥ'

तपः (tapaḥ) - ultimate austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, spiritual fervor)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, penance, asceticism, austerity, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)