महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-16, verse-12

ऋषिरासीत्कृते तात तण्डिरित्येव विश्रुतः ।
दश वर्षसहस्राणि तेन देवः समाधिना ।
आराधितोऽभूद्भक्तेन तस्योदर्कं निशामय ॥१२॥

12. ṛṣirāsītkṛte tāta taṇḍirityeva viśrutaḥ ,
daśa varṣasahasrāṇi tena devaḥ samādhinā ,
ārādhito'bhūdbhaktena tasyodarkaṁ niśāmaya.

12. ṛṣiḥ āsīt kṛte tāta taṇḍiḥ iti eva
viśrutaḥ daśa varṣasahasrāṇi tena
devaḥ samādhinā ārādhitaḥ abhūt
bhaktena tasya udarkam niśāmaya

12. tāta kṛte taṇḍiḥ iti eva viśrutaḥ
ṛṣiḥ āsīt tena daśa varṣasahasrāṇi
samādhinā bhaktena devaḥ ārādhitaḥ
abhūt tasya udarkam niśāmaya

12. O dear one, in the Kṛta Yuga, there was a renowned sage named Taṇḍi. He worshipped the deity for ten thousand years with profound meditation (samādhi) and devotion (bhakti). Now, hear the consequence of that.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer, inspired poet

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• कृते (kṛte) - in the Kṛta Yuga (in the Kṛta (Yuga), in the done (period))

• तात (tāta) - O dear one, O father, O son

• तण्डिः (taṇḍiḥ) - Taṇḍi (name of a sage)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so called

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

• विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - renowned, famous, well-known

• दश (daśa) - ten

• वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years (ten thousand years)

• तेन (tena) - Refers to sage Taṇḍi (by him, by that)

• देवः (devaḥ) - Object of passive verb 'ārādhitaḥ abhūt' (god, deity)

• समाधिना (samādhinā) - through profound meditation (samādhi) (by meditation, with concentration)

• आराधितः (ārādhitaḥ) - worshipped, propitiated

• अभूत् (abhūt) - Used as an auxiliary verb with 'ārādhitaḥ' to form a compound past tense construction, 'was worshipped' (became, was)

• भक्तेन (bhaktena) - by the devotee (bhakta) (by the devotee, by the pious one)

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the worship done by Taṇḍi (of his, of that)

• उदर्कम् (udarkam) - consequence, result, future

• निशामय (niśāmaya) - hear, observe, perceive

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer, inspired poet

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - a sage, seer, inspired poet, a Vedic singer

Root: ṛṣ (class 6)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense

Root 'as', 2nd conjugation, augmented

Root: as (class 2)

कृते (kṛte) - in the Kṛta Yuga (in the Kṛta (Yuga), in the done (period))

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed; also name of the first Yuga (Kṛta Yuga)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used here as a proper noun for Kṛta Yuga.

तात (tāta) - O dear one, O father, O son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, sir (vocative of affection or respect)

तण्डिः (taṇḍiḥ) - Taṇḍi (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of taṇḍi

taṇḍi - Name of a sage, author of Taṇḍya-Brāhmaṇa

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so called

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

(indeclinable)

विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - renowned, famous, well-known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśruta

viśruta - heard, famous, renowned, well-known

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Concordant with 'ṛṣiḥ' and 'taṇḍiḥ'

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Used as an adjective with 'varṣasahasrāṇi'

वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years (ten thousand years)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound type : tatpurusha (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year, rain, rainy season
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Accusative also possible for duration of time

तेन (tena) - Refers to sage Taṇḍi (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to sage Taṇḍi

देवः (devaḥ) - Object of passive verb 'ārādhitaḥ abhūt' (god, deity)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Object of passive verb 'ārādhitaḥ abhūt'

समाधिना (samādhinā) - through profound meditation (samādhi) (by meditation, with concentration)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samādhi

samādhi - concentration, profound meditation, perfect absorption, trance

Derived from sam-ā-dhā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

आराधितः (ārādhitaḥ) - worshipped, propitiated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārādhita

ārādhita - worshipped, propitiated, satisfied, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rādh with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: rādh (class 5)

Note: Concordant with 'devaḥ'

अभूत् (abhūt) - Used as an auxiliary verb with 'ārādhitaḥ' to form a compound past tense construction, 'was worshipped' (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist tense

Root 'bhū', 1st conjugation, aorist form

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used as an auxiliary verb with 'ārādhitaḥ' to form a compound past tense construction, 'was worshipped'

भक्तेन (bhaktena) - by the devotee (bhakta) (by the devotee, by the pious one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhakta

bhakta - devoted, faithful, worshipper, devotee

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhaj

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction 'ārādhitaḥ abhūt'

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the worship done by Taṇḍi (of his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the worship done by Taṇḍi

उदर्कम् (udarkam) - consequence, result, future

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udarka

udarka - consequence, result, future event, end

Prefix: ud

Root: ṛc (class 1)

Note: Object of 'niśāmaya'

निशामय (niśāmaya) - hear, observe, perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, Imperative (loṭ) of śam

Imperative mood

Causative stem niśāmay, imperative 2nd person singular

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)