महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-274, verse-50

शीर्षाभितापो नागानां पर्वतानां शिलाजतुः ।
अपां तु नीलिकां विद्यान्निर्मोकं भुजगेषु च ॥५०॥

50. śīrṣābhitāpo nāgānāṁ parvatānāṁ śilājatuḥ ,
apāṁ tu nīlikāṁ vidyānnirmokaṁ bhujageṣu ca.

50. śīrṣābhitāpaḥ nāgānām parvatānām śilājatuḥ |
apām tu nīlikām vidyāt nirmokam bhujageṣu ca

50. nāgānām śīrṣābhitāpaḥ,
parvatānām śilājatuḥ.
apām tu nīlikām vidyāt,
bhujageṣu nirmokam ca

50. A severe headache is considered an affliction for serpents; for mountains, it is the exudation of rock bitumen (śilājatu). One should know that for waters, a bluish discoloration (nīlikā) is a sign of trouble, and for snakes, it is the shedding of their skin (nirmoka).

Words meanings summery:

• शीर्षाभितापः (śīrṣābhitāpaḥ) - head-pain, headache, affliction of the head

• नागानाम् (nāgānām) - of serpents, of Nāgas (mythical snake-deities)

• पर्वतानाम् (parvatānām) - of mountains, of hills

• शिलाजतुः (śilājatuḥ) - rock bitumen (śilājatu) (rock bitumen, mineral pitch, Shilajit)

• अपाम् (apām) - of waters, of liquids

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however, indeed

• नीलिकाम् (nīlikām) - bluish discoloration (nīlikā) (blueness, a blue stain, dark discoloration)

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know, he/she should know

• निर्मोकम् (nirmokam) - shedding of skin (nirmoka) (slough, casting off skin, liberation, abandonment)

• भुजगेषु (bhujageṣu) - among snakes, in snakes

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

शीर्षाभितापः (śīrṣābhitāpaḥ) - head-pain, headache, affliction of the head

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śīrṣābhitāpa

śīrṣābhitāpa - head-pain, headache, affliction of the head

From śīrṣa (head) + abhitāpa (heat, affliction). Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (śīrṣa+abhitāpa)

• śīrṣa – head, skull, top
  noun (neuter)
• abhitāpa – heat, pain, affliction, torment
  noun (masculine)
  From abhi (towards) + tap (to heat, to torment) + -a (nominal suffix).
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: tap (class 1)

नागानाम् (nāgānām) - of serpents, of Nāgas (mythical snake-deities)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, Nāga (mythical serpent-being), elephant

From nag (mountain, tree) + -a or naga (immovable) -> na + ga (not moving). Often interpreted as 'one who moves without legs'.

पर्वतानाम् (parvatānām) - of mountains, of hills

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill, rock

From parvan (knot, joint, section, peak) + -ata (suffix indicating possession or origin).

शिलाजतुः (śilājatuḥ) - rock bitumen (śilājatu) (rock bitumen, mineral pitch, Shilajit)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śilājatu

śilājatu - rock bitumen, mineral pitch, Shilajit (a resinous substance found in mountains)

From śilā (rock) + jatu (lac, gum, resin). Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (śilā+jatu)

• śilā – rock, stone, slab
  noun (feminine)
• jatu – lac, gum, resin, sealing wax
  noun (neuter)

Note: śilājatu can also be masculine.

अपाम् (apām) - of waters, of liquids

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water, waters, liquid

Irregular feminine noun, usually plural.

Root: ap

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Particle

नीलिकाम् (nīlikām) - bluish discoloration (nīlikā) (blueness, a blue stain, dark discoloration)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nīlikā

nīlikā - blueness, a blue stain, dark discoloration, indigo, a particular disease of the eye

From nīla (blue, dark) + -ikā (feminine suffix).

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know, he/she should know

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of vid

Optative mood, active voice

3rd person singular optative active of root vid.

Root: vid (class 2)

निर्मोकम् (nirmokam) - shedding of skin (nirmoka) (slough, casting off skin, liberation, abandonment)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirmoka

nirmoka - slough, casting off skin (of a snake), abandonment, liberation

From nir (out) + muc (to release, to abandon) + -a (nominal suffix).

Prefix: nir

Root: muc (class 6)

भुजगेषु (bhujageṣu) - among snakes, in snakes

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of bhujaga

bhujaga - serpent, snake (lit. 'moving with curves/arms')

From bhuja (arm, coil, curve) + ga (going). Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhuja+ga)

• bhuja – arm, hand, branch, coil, curve
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhuj (to bend, to curve).
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• ga – going, moving, one who goes
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam (to go) + -a (kṛt suffix).
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction particle.