महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-274, verse-23

महेश्वर उवाच ।
दक्षो नाम महाभागे प्रजानां पतिरुत्तमः ।
हयमेधेन यजते तत्र यान्ति दिवौकसः ॥२३॥

23. maheśvara uvāca ,
dakṣo nāma mahābhāge prajānāṁ patiruttamaḥ ,
hayamedhena yajate tatra yānti divaukasaḥ.

23. maheśvaraḥ uvāca dakṣaḥ nāma mahābhāge prajānām patiḥ
uttamaḥ hayamedhena yajate tatra yānti divaukasaḥ

23. maheśvaraḥ uvāca mahābhāge nāma dakṣaḥ prajānām
uttamaḥ patiḥ hayamedhena yajate tatra divaukasaḥ yānti

23. Maheśvara said: O greatly fortunate one, there is an excellent lord of beings named Dakṣa. He is performing a horse-Vedic ritual (yajña), and it is there that the dwellers of heaven are going.

Words meanings summery:

• महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - Maheśvara (a name of Shiva)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - Dakṣa (a Prajāpati, father of Umā)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, namely

• महाभागे (mahābhāge) - O greatly fortunate one

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of creatures, of beings, of progeny

• पतिः (patiḥ) - lord, master, chief

• उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - excellent, best, supreme

• हयमेधेन (hayamedhena) - by a horse-Vedic ritual

• यजते (yajate) - he performs a Vedic ritual (yajña)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they proceed

• दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - heavenly dwellers, gods

Words meanings and morphology

महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - Maheśvara (a name of Shiva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great Lord, Supreme Lord; a name of Shiva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• īśvara – lord, master, controller, God
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'īś' (to rule) + 'vara' suffix.
  Root: īś (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root verb.

Root: vac (class 2)

दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - Dakṣa (a Prajāpati, father of Umā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dakṣa

dakṣa - able, skillful, clever; name of a Prajāpati (creator deity)

नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, namely

(indeclinable)

Can also be a noun 'nāman' meaning 'name'. Here used as an indeclinable particle.

महाभागे (mahābhāge) - O greatly fortunate one

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, noble, illustrious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bhāga – portion, share, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhaj' (to divide, share) + 'a' suffix.
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Refers to Umā.

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of creatures, of beings, of progeny

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - creation, progeny, offspring, creatures, subjects

From prefix 'pra' + root 'jan' (to be born) + 'ā' suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

पतिः (patiḥ) - lord, master, chief

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband, owner

उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - excellent, best, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme

Superlative of 'ut' (up).

हयमेधेन (hayamedhena) - by a horse-Vedic ritual

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hayamedha

hayamedha - horse-Vedic ritual (yajña)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (haya+medha)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)
• medha – Vedic ritual, yajña, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'medh' (to cleanse, purify).
  Root: medh (class 1)

यजते (yajate) - he performs a Vedic ritual (yajña)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of yaj

Root verb, Atmanepada.

Root: yaj (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'tad' (that) + 'tra' suffix.

यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they proceed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of yā

Root verb, Atmanepada/Parasmaipada (here Parasmaipada)

Root: yā (class 2)

दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - heavenly dwellers, gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of divaukas

divaukas - heavenly dweller, inhabitant of heaven, god

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (div+okas)

• div – heaven, sky, day
  noun (feminine)
• okas – dwelling, house, home, inhabitant
  noun (neuter)