महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-274, verse-21

प्रस्थिता देवता दृष्ट्वा शैलराजसुता तदा ।
उवाच वचनं साध्वी देवं पशुपतिं पतिम् ॥२१॥

21. prasthitā devatā dṛṣṭvā śailarājasutā tadā ,
uvāca vacanaṁ sādhvī devaṁ paśupatiṁ patim.

21. prasthitāḥ devatāḥ dṛṣṭvā śailarājasutā tadā
uvāca vacanam sādhvī devam paśupatim patim

21. tadā sādhvī śailarājasutā prasthitāḥ devatāḥ
dṛṣṭvā patim devam paśupatim vacanam uvāca

21. Then, the virtuous daughter of the mountain king (Pārvatī), having seen the departing deities, spoke these words to her husband, the god Paśupati (Shiva).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रस्थिताः (prasthitāḥ) - the departing (deities) (set out, departed, gone forth)

• देवताः (devatāḥ) - the deities (who were departing) (deities, goddesses)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (the departing deities) (having seen)

• शैलराजसुता (śailarājasutā) - Pārvatī (as the daughter of Himālaya) (daughter of the mountain king (Pārvatī))

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

• उवाच (uvāca) - she spoke (Pārvatī) (she spoke, he spoke)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - these words, speech (word, speech, statement)

• साध्वी (sādhvī) - the virtuous one (Pārvatī) (virtuous woman, chaste woman, saintly)

• देवम् (devam) - to the god (Shiva) (to the god)

• पशुपतिम् (paśupatim) - to Paśupati (an epithet for Shiva) (to Paśupati (Shiva))

• पतिम् (patim) - to her husband (to the husband)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रस्थिताः (prasthitāḥ) - the departing (deities) (set out, departed, gone forth)

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prasthita

prasthita - departed, gone forth, set out, started

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root `sthā` (to stand) with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `devatāḥ`. Interpreted as accusative plural to match the narrative, despite the Devanagari `प्रस्थिता` (nominative singular) in the input, which is likely a metrical license or textual variation for `prasthitāḥ`.

देवताः (devatāḥ) - the deities (who were departing) (deities, goddesses)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of devatā

devatā - deity, divinity, godhood

From `deva` with suffix `tā` forming feminine noun.

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`. Interpreted as accusative plural to match the narrative, despite the Devanagari `देवता` (nominative singular) in the input, which is grammatically inconsistent for an object of `dṛṣṭvā` and contextually implies plurality from the previous verse.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (the departing deities) (having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of root `dṛś` (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates a prior action of Pārvatī.

शैलराजसुता (śailarājasutā) - Pārvatī (as the daughter of Himālaya) (daughter of the mountain king (Pārvatī))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śailarājasutā

śailarājasutā - daughter of the king of mountains (Himālaya), Pārvatī

Tatpuruṣa compound of `śaila` (mountain), `rāja` (king), and `sutā` (daughter).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śaila+rāja+sutā)

• śaila – mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sutā – daughter
  noun (feminine)
  From root `sū` (to bear, produce).
  Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial from `tad`.

Note: Temporal adverb.

उवाच (uvāca) - she spoke (Pārvatī) (she spoke, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

वचनम् (vacanam) - these words, speech (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech

From root `vac` (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of `uvāca`.

साध्वी (sādhvī) - the virtuous one (Pārvatī) (virtuous woman, chaste woman, saintly)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sādhvī

sādhvī - virtuous woman, chaste woman, pious, good (feminine)

Feminine form of `sādhu` (good, virtuous).

Note: Qualifies `śailarājasutā`.

देवम् (devam) - to the god (Shiva) (to the god)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Object of 'spoke to' (implied by `uvāca`). Qualifies `paśupatim`.

पशुपतिम् (paśupatim) - to Paśupati (an epithet for Shiva) (to Paśupati (Shiva))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paśupati

paśupati - Lord of animals (or souls), epithet of Rudra-Shiva

Tatpuruṣa compound of `paśu` (animal, soul) and `pati` (lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (paśu+pati)

• paśu – animal, beast, cattle
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Specific form of `devam`.

पतिम् (patim) - to her husband (to the husband)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Refers to Shiva as Pārvatī's husband.