महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-171, verse-55

अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
गीतं विदेहराजेन जनकेन प्रशाम्यता ॥५५॥

55. atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
gītaṁ videharājena janakena praśāmyatā.

55. atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam purātanam
gītam videharājena janakena praśāmyatā

55. atra api imam purātanam itihāsam gītam
videharājena janakena praśāmyatā udāharanti

55. Here, they also narrate this ancient historical account (itihāsa), which was sung by Janaka, the king of Videha, when he had attained complete tranquility.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they relate, they cite, they exemplify

• इमम् (imam) - referring to the 'itihāsa' (this (masculine accusative singular))

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account, tradition, legend

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old

• गीतम् (gītam) - sung, chanted

• विदेहराजेन (videharājena) - by the king of Videha

• जनकेन (janakena) - by Janaka

• प्रशाम्यता (praśāmyatā) - by King Janaka, who was becoming completely calm (by one who is becoming completely calm/pacified)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they relate, they cite, they exemplify

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of udāhṛ

present active

3rd person plural, indicative, parasmaipada

Prefixes: ut+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - referring to the 'itihāsa' (this (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account, tradition, legend

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, traditional account, epic

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, primeval

Derived from 'purā' (formerly).

गीतम् (gītam) - sung, chanted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gīta

gīta - sung, chanted, a song

past passive participle

Derived from root √gai (to sing).

Root: gai (class 1)

विदेहराजेन (videharājena) - by the king of Videha

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of videharāja

videharāja - king of Videha

Compound type : tatpurusha (videha+rājan)

• videha – Videha (an ancient kingdom/country)
  proper noun (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

जनकेन (janakena) - by Janaka

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - Janaka (name of a king), father, progenitor

Note: Appositional to videharājena.

प्रशाम्यता (praśāmyatā) - by King Janaka, who was becoming completely calm (by one who is becoming completely calm/pacified)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of praśāmyat

praśāmyat - becoming completely calm, pacifying

present active participle

Derived from pra-√śam (to be quiet, to be calm). Masculine instrumental singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: śam (class 4)