महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-171, verse-28

अनुतर्षुल एवार्थः स्वादु गाङ्गमिवोदकम् ।
मद्विलापनमेतत्तु प्रतिबुद्धोऽस्मि संत्यज ॥२८॥

28. anutarṣula evārthaḥ svādu gāṅgamivodakam ,
madvilāpanametattu pratibuddho'smi saṁtyaja.

28. anutarṣulaḥ eva arthaḥ svādu gāṅgam iva udakam
madvilāpanam etat tu pratibuddhaḥ asmi saṃtyaja

28. arthaḥ eva anutarṣulaḥ,
svādu gāṅgam udakam iva.
tu etat madvilāpanam.
asmi pratibuddhaḥ.
saṃtyaja.

28. Worldly pursuits are indeed like sweet Ganges water, perpetually stimulating thirst. This, however, is my undoing; I am now awakened, so abandon it!

Words meanings summery:

• अनुतर्षुलः (anutarṣulaḥ) - perpetually stimulating thirst (causing constant thirst, ever-thirst-inducing)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - worldly pursuits/objects (purpose, meaning, object, wealth, pursuit)

• स्वादु (svādu) - sweet (sweet, palatable, pleasant)

• गाङ्गम् (gāṅgam) - Ganges (water) (relating to the Ganges, Ganges water)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as)

• उदकम् (udakam) - water

• मद्विलापनम् (madvilāpanam) - my undoing (my undoing, my grief, causing me to weep)

• एतत् (etat) - this (desire for wealth) (this, this one)

• तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)

• प्रतिबुद्धः (pratibuddhaḥ) - awakened (to the truth) (awakened, enlightened, aware)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• संत्यज (saṁtyaja) - abandon (it/them) (abandon, give up, renounce)

Words meanings and morphology

अनुतर्षुलः (anutarṣulaḥ) - perpetually stimulating thirst (causing constant thirst, ever-thirst-inducing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anutarṣula

anutarṣula - causing constant thirst, ever-thirst-inducing

From anu (after, continuously) + tṛṣ (to thirst) + ula (suffix).

Prefix: anu

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies arthaḥ.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphatic

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - worldly pursuits/objects (purpose, meaning, object, wealth, pursuit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - object, purpose, meaning, wealth, pursuit, thing

Note: Subject of the sentence.

स्वादु (svādu) - sweet (sweet, palatable, pleasant)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svādu

svādu - sweet, palatable, agreeable, pleasant

u-stem adjective.

Note: Qualifies udakam.

गाङ्गम् (gāṅgam) - Ganges (water) (relating to the Ganges, Ganges water)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gāṅga

gāṅga - belonging to or coming from the Ganges (river)

Derived from gaṅgā (Ganges) with aṇ suffix.

Note: Qualifies udakam.

इव (iva) - like (like, as)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

Note: Comparison particle.

उदकम् (udakam) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udaka

udaka - water

Root: und

Note: Compared to arthaḥ.

मद्विलापनम् (madvilāpanam) - my undoing (my undoing, my grief, causing me to weep)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of madvilāpana

madvilāpana - my undoing, that which causes me to weep/grieve/dissolve

Tatpurusha compound, possessive.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+vilāpana)

• mad – my, mine (genitive/ablative of asmad)
  pronoun
  Ablative/Genitive form of 'I'. Here functioning as a possessive adjective.
• vilāpana – causing to weep, dissolving, undoing, destruction
  noun (neuter)
  Causative noun/gerundive
  From vi-lap (to weep) with causative suffix + ana for noun. Or from vi-lā (to dissolve) + ana.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for etat.

एतत् (etat) - this (desire for wealth) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the arthaḥ (worldly pursuits).

तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Adversative or emphatic particle.

Note: Adversative particle.

प्रतिबुद्धः (pratibuddhaḥ) - awakened (to the truth) (awakened, enlightened, aware)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratibuddha

pratibuddha - awakened, enlightened, aroused, aware

Past Passive Participle

From prati-budh (to awaken, perceive) + kta suffix.

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective with asmi.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

2nd conjugation, parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Linking verb.

संत्यज (saṁtyaja) - abandon (it/them) (abandon, give up, renounce)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of saṃ-tyaj

Imperative

1st conjugation, parasmaipada. Second person singular imperative.

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)