महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-171, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
ईहमानः समारम्भान्यदि नासादयेद्धनम् ।
धनतृष्णाभिभूतश्च किं कुर्वन्सुखमाप्नुयात् ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
īhamānaḥ samārambhānyadi nāsādayeddhanam ,
dhanatṛṣṇābhibhūtaśca kiṁ kurvansukhamāpnuyāt.

1. Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca īhamānaḥ samārambhān yadi na āsādayet
dhanam dhanatṛṣṇābhibhūtaḥ ca kim kurvan sukham āpnuyāt

1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: If a person, striving for various undertakings, does not acquire wealth, and is instead overcome by the craving for wealth, what should he do to attain happiness?

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ईहमानः (īhamānaḥ) - striving, endeavoring, desiring

• समारम्भान् (samārambhān) - undertakings, endeavors, enterprises

• यदि (yadi) - if

• न (na) - not

• आसादयेत् (āsādayet) - should obtain, should acquire

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches

• धनतृष्णाभिभूतः (dhanatṛṣṇābhibhūtaḥ) - overcome by craving for wealth

• च (ca) - and, also

• किम् (kim) - what?

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, performing

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy

• आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - would attain, should obtain

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Yudhiṣṭhira

Yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest of the Pāṇḍavas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of 'yudh' (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From the root √vac (to speak) in the perfect tense (liṭ), parasmaipada.

Root: vac (class 2)

ईहमानः (īhamānaḥ) - striving, endeavoring, desiring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īhamāna

īhamāna - striving, endeavoring, wishing

Present Middle Participle

From the root √īh (to strive, desire) with the suffix -śānac.

Root: īh (class 1)

समारम्भान् (samārambhān) - undertakings, endeavors, enterprises

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samārambha

samārambha - undertaking, enterprise, beginning, effort

From the root √rabh (to begin) with upasargas 'sam-' and 'ā-'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आसादयेत् (āsādayet) - should obtain, should acquire

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of āsād

optative mood, 3rd person singular

From the root √sad (to sit) with upasarga 'ā-', in the causative form 'sādaya', and then optative.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, property, riches, money

धनतृष्णाभिभूतः (dhanatṛṣṇābhibhūtaḥ) - overcome by craving for wealth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanatṛṣṇābhibhūta

dhanatṛṣṇābhibhūta - overcome by the desire for wealth

Compound of 'dhana' (wealth), 'tṛṣṇā' (craving) and 'abhibhūta' (overcome).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhana+tṛṣṇā+abhibhūta)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• tṛṣṇā – thirst, craving, desire
  noun (feminine)
  From root √tṛṣ (to thirst).
  Root: tṛṣ (class 4)
• abhibhūta – overcome, subdued, conquered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhū (to be) with upasarga 'abhi-'.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?, how?

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, performing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurvat

kurvat - doing, making, performing

Present Active Participle

From the root √kṛ (to do, make) with the suffix -śatṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease

आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - would attain, should obtain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of āp

optative mood, 3rd person singular

From the root √āp (to obtain) in the optative mood (liṅ), parasmaipada.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)