महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-171, verse-27

परेत्य यो न लभते ततो दुःखतरं नु किम् ।
न च तुष्यति लब्धेन भूय एव च मार्गति ॥२७॥

27. paretya yo na labhate tato duḥkhataraṁ nu kim ,
na ca tuṣyati labdhena bhūya eva ca mārgati.

27. paretya yaḥ na labhate tataḥ duḥkhataram nu kim
na ca tuṣyati labdhena bhūyaḥ eva ca mārgati

27. yaḥ paretya na labhate,
tataḥ nu kim duḥkhataram? ca labdhena na tuṣyati,
ca bhūyaḥ eva mārgati.

27. What, indeed, is more painful than he who, after departing (from this life), achieves nothing? And he is not satisfied with what he obtains, but seeks even more.

Words meanings summery:

• परेत्य (paretya) - after departing from this life (having gone away, after departing, after dying)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, whoever)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• लभते (labhate) - achieves (obtains, receives, gains)

• ततः (tataḥ) - than that (person/state) (from that, then, therefore, than that)

• दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more painful (more painful, more sorrowful)

• नु (nu) - indeed (indeed, surely, now)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?, how?)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - is satisfied (is satisfied, is content)

• लब्धेन (labdhena) - with what is obtained (by what has been obtained, by the acquired)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more (again, more, further)

• एव (eva) - even, just (indeed, only, just)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मार्गति (mārgati) - seeks (seeks, searches, desires)

Words meanings and morphology

परेत्य (paretya) - after departing from this life (having gone away, after departing, after dying)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed by adding -tya to the root i with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Absolutive participle

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever, whatever

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

लभते (labhate) - achieves (obtains, receives, gains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of labh

Present Tense

1st conjugation, atmanepada.

Root: labh (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - than that (person/state) (from that, then, therefore, than that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of tad, functioning adverbially.

Note: Used here in a comparative sense, "than that".

दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more painful (more painful, more sorrowful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhatara

duḥkhatara - more painful, more sorrowful (comparative of duḥkha)

Comparative degree of duḥkha.

Note: Functions here as a predicate nominative with kim.

नु (nu) - indeed (indeed, surely, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?, how?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, who? (interrogative pronoun/adjective/adverb)

Note: Interrogative

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Conjunction

तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - is satisfied (is satisfied, is content)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tuṣ

Present Tense

4th conjugation, parasmaipada.

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

लब्धेन (labdhena) - with what is obtained (by what has been obtained, by the acquired)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of labdha

labdha - obtained, gained, acquired, received

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root labh + kta suffix.

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Used substantively (as a noun).

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more (again, more, further)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even, just (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphatic

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Conjunction

मार्गति (mārgati) - seeks (seeks, searches, desires)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of mārg

Present Tense

10th conjugation, parasmaipada.

Root: mṛg (class 10)