महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-171, verse-17

नान्तं सर्वविवित्सानां गतपूर्वोऽस्ति कश्चन ।
शरीरे जीविते चैव तृष्णा मन्दस्य वर्धते ॥१७॥

17. nāntaṁ sarvavivitsānāṁ gatapūrvo'sti kaścana ,
śarīre jīvite caiva tṛṣṇā mandasya vardhate.

17. na antam sarvavivitsānām gatapūrvaḥ asti kaścana
śarīre jīvite ca eva tṛṣṇā mandasya vardhate

17. kaścana sarvavivitsānām antam gatapūrvaḥ na asti; ca eva mandasya tṛṣṇā śarīre jīvite vardhate.

17. No one has ever reached the end of all desires for knowledge (vivitsā). Indeed, the craving (tṛṣṇā) of the foolish one increases in the body and in life.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - negation (not, no)

• अन्तम् (antam) - the ultimate point or conclusion (end, limit, boundary)

• सर्वविवित्सानाम् (sarvavivitsānām) - referring to the totality of curiosity or intellectual pursuits (of all desires to know, of all inquiries)

• गतपूर्वः (gatapūrvaḥ) - someone who has already attained or experienced (one who has gone before, one who has previously reached)

• अस्ति (asti) - currently exists (is, exists)

• कश्चन (kaścana) - no one (when used with 'na') (someone, anyone)

• शरीरे (śarīre) - within the physical form (in the body)

• जीविते (jīvite) - during one's lifetime (in life, while alive)

• च (ca) - connecting 'body' and 'life' (and, also)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing the statement (indeed, only, just)

• तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - intense longing or attachment (thirst, craving, desire)

• मन्दस्य (mandasya) - of the ignorant or undiscerning person (of the slow, dull, foolish, weak)

• वर्धते (vardhate) - becomes stronger or more extensive (increases, grows, thrives)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - negation (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation.

अन्तम् (antam) - the ultimate point or conclusion (end, limit, boundary)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anta

anta - end, boundary, limit, proximity

Note: Object of 'gatapūrvaḥ'.

सर्वविवित्सानाम् (sarvavivitsānām) - referring to the totality of curiosity or intellectual pursuits (of all desires to know, of all inquiries)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sarvavivitsā

sarvavivitsā - all desires to know, all inquiries, universal curiosity

Compound of sarva (all) and vivitsā (desire to know).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+vivitsā)

• sarva – all, every, whole, entire
  adjective
• vivitsā – desire to know, curiosity
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun from root vid (to know)
  From desiderative stem of vid + ā.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Governed by 'antam'.

गतपूर्वः (gatapūrvaḥ) - someone who has already attained or experienced (one who has gone before, one who has previously reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gatapūrva

gatapūrva - gone before, previously reached/experienced

Compound containing a past passive participle

Compound of gata (gone) and pūrva (before).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+pūrva)

• gata – gone, reached, past
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• pūrva – former, prior, earlier, previous
  adjective

Note: Functions as predicate for 'kaścana'.

अस्ति (asti) - currently exists (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

3rd person singular present, active voice

Root as.

Root: as (class 2)

कश्चन (kaścana) - no one (when used with 'na') (someone, anyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścana

kaścana - someone, anyone, a certain one

From kad (interrogative pronoun) + cid/cana (indefinite particle).

Note: Subject of the first clause.

शरीरे (śarīre) - within the physical form (in the body)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, physical form

Note: Location where craving increases.

जीविते (jīvite) - during one's lifetime (in life, while alive)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence; alive

Past passive participle used as a noun

From root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Location/time when craving increases.

च (ca) - connecting 'body' and 'life' (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - emphasizing the statement (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - intense longing or attachment (thirst, craving, desire)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, desire, craving, longing

From root tṛṣ (to thirst)

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

मन्दस्य (mandasya) - of the ignorant or undiscerning person (of the slow, dull, foolish, weak)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of manda

manda - slow, dull, sluggish, foolish, weak, feeble

Note: Modifies an implied 'person'.

वर्धते (vardhate) - becomes stronger or more extensive (increases, grows, thrives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vṛdh

3rd person singular present, middle voice

Root vṛdh.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)