योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-43, verse-47

ज्ञमज्ञो भावयत्यज्ञं चिरं वन्ध्यापि वर्धते ।
विनैव ज्ञातशब्दार्थमर्थभावमिवागतम् ॥ ४७ ॥

jñamajño bhāvayatyajñaṃ ciraṃ vandhyāpi vardhate ,
vinaiva jñātaśabdārthamarthabhāvamivāgatam 47

47. jñam ajñaḥ bhāvayati ajñam ciram vandhyā api vardhate
vinā eva jñāta-śabdārtham artha-bhāvam iva āgatam

47. ajñaḥ jñam ajñam bhāvayati ciram vandhyā api vardhate
jñāta-śabdārtham vinā eva artha-bhāvam iva āgatam

47. The ignorant person (ajña) considers the knower (jña) to be ignorant, and this delusion persists for a long time, much like a barren woman (vandhyā) might appear to flourish. This happens without any known word or meaning (jñāta-śabdārtha) as its basis, yet it seems as if a state of reality (artha-bhāva) has come into being.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञम् (jñam) - the knower, the wise one

• अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - the ignorant person

• भावयति (bhāvayati) - causes to be, imagines, thinks of, produces

• अज्ञम् (ajñam) - ignorant, unknowing

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• वन्ध्या (vandhyā) - barren woman

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, flourishes, thrives

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• ज्ञात-शब्दार्थम् (jñāta-śabdārtham) - known word-meaning, the meaning of a known word

• अर्थ-भावम् (artha-bhāvam) - a state of meaning, a state of reality, the nature of a thing

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• आगतम् (āgatam) - come, arrived, occurred, manifested

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञम् (jñam) - the knower, the wise one

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jña

jña - knower, wise, knowing

Derived from the root 'jñā' (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - the ignorant person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, foolish, unknowing person

Compound of 'a-' (negation) + 'jña' (knower).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
• jña – knower, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

भावयति (bhāvayati) - causes to be, imagines, thinks of, produces

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhū

Causative verb

Causative form of the root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अज्ञम् (ajñam) - ignorant, unknowing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, foolish, unknowing

Compound of 'a-' (negation) + 'jña' (knower).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
• jña – knower, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

वन्ध्या (vandhyā) - barren woman

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vandhyā

vandhyā - barren woman, sterile

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, flourishes, thrives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

ज्ञात-शब्दार्थम् (jñāta-śabdārtham) - known word-meaning, the meaning of a known word

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jñāta-śabdārtha

jñāta-śabdārtha - known word-meaning, the meaning of a known word

Compound of 'jñāta' (known) + 'śabdārtha' (word-meaning).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jñāta+śabdārtha)

• jñāta – known, understood
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• śabdārtha – word-meaning, the meaning of a word
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'śabda' (word) + 'artha' (meaning).

अर्थ-भावम् (artha-bhāvam) - a state of meaning, a state of reality, the nature of a thing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha-bhāva

artha-bhāva - state of meaning, condition of reality, the nature of a thing

Compound 'artha' (meaning, object, reality) + 'bhāva' (state, existence).

Compound type : tatpurusha (artha+bhāva)

• artha – meaning, object, purpose, reality
  noun (masculine)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

आगतम् (āgatam) - come, arrived, occurred, manifested

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached, happened, occurred

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'gam' (to go) with the prefix 'ā-'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)