योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-7, verse-48

सुदुष्कृतोत्तमध्यानचारिण्यो धरणीतले ।
नियत्या नियतं कालं पीड्यन्ते कीटपङ्क्तयः ॥ ४८ ॥

suduṣkṛtottamadhyānacāriṇyo dharaṇītale ,
niyatyā niyataṃ kālaṃ pīḍyante kīṭapaṅktayaḥ 48

48. suduskṛtottamadhyānacāriṇyaḥ dharaṇītale
niyatyā niyatam kālam pīḍyante kīṭapaṅktayaḥ

48. dharaṇītale kīṭapaṅktayaḥ suduskṛtottamadhyānacāriṇyaḥ
niyatyā niyatam kālam pīḍyante

48. On the surface of the earth, rows of insects — those who have committed very evil deeds and practiced excellent meditation (in past lives) — are tormented for a fixed time by the power of destiny (niyati).

Words meanings summery:

• सुदुस्कृतोत्तमध्यानचारिण्यः (suduskṛtottamadhyānacāriṇyaḥ) - those who have committed very evil deeds and practiced excellent meditation (in past lives) (those who perform very evil deeds and excellent meditation)

• धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the surface of the earth (on the surface of the earth, on the ground)

• नियत्या (niyatyā) - by the power of destiny (niyati) (by fate, by destiny, by necessity, by natural law)

• नियतम् (niyatam) - fixed (fixed, regular, constant, certain)

• कालम् (kālam) - time (time, season, period)

• पीड्यन्ते (pīḍyante) - are tormented (they are tormented, they are afflicted)

• कीटपङ्क्तयः (kīṭapaṅktayaḥ) - rows of insects (rows of insects, insect swarms, lines of vermin)

Words meanings and morphology

सुदुस्कृतोत्तमध्यानचारिण्यः (suduskṛtottamadhyānacāriṇyaḥ) - those who have committed very evil deeds and practiced excellent meditation (in past lives) (those who perform very evil deeds and excellent meditation)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of suduskṛtottamadhyānacārin

suduskṛtottamadhyānacārin - one who performs very evil deeds and excellent meditation

agent noun / adjective from √car

Compound formed of su-duṣkṛta (very evil deed), uttama-dhyāna (excellent meditation), and cārin (practitioner).

Compound type : dvandva (suduskṛta+uttama+dhyāna+cārin)

• suduskṛta – very evil deed, very ill-done
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  su (intensive) + duṣkṛta (evil deed). duṣkṛta from duṣ-√kṛ.
  Prefix: dus
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of ud.
• dhyāna – meditation, contemplation, thought
  noun (neuter)
  from √dhyai
  Root: dhyai (class 1)
• cārin – practicing, performing, moving, living
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From √car (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies kīṭapaṅktayaḥ.

धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the surface of the earth (on the surface of the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharaṇītala

dharaṇītala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (dharaṇī+tala)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  from √dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• tala – surface, plane, flat ground
  noun (neuter)

नियत्या (niyatyā) - by the power of destiny (niyati) (by fate, by destiny, by necessity, by natural law)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of niyati

niyati - fate, destiny, fixed order, necessity, universal law

From ni-√yam.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Instrument of torment.

नियतम् (niyatam) - fixed (fixed, regular, constant, certain)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - fixed, restrained, appointed, certain, constant

Past Passive Participle

From ni-√yam.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies kālam.

कालम् (kālam) - time (time, season, period)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, proper time, period

Note: Denotes duration or extent of time.

पीड्यन्ते (pīḍyante) - are tormented (they are tormented, they are afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pīḍ

Present Tense

pīḍya is the passive stem.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: The verb pīḍyante is the passive form.

कीटपङ्क्तयः (kīṭapaṅktayaḥ) - rows of insects (rows of insects, insect swarms, lines of vermin)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kīṭapaṅkti

kīṭapaṅkti - row of insects, swarm of vermin

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (kīṭa+paṅkti)

• kīṭa – insect, worm, vermin
  noun (masculine)
• paṅkti – row, line, series, collection
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of pīḍyante.