योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-7, verse-18

जिह्वा जर्जरतामेति प्राकृतानुनयज्वरैः ।
पद्मकोटरकोणस्थमपि सूत्रं हिमैरिव ॥ १८ ॥

jihvā jarjaratāmeti prākṛtānunayajvaraiḥ ,
padmakoṭarakoṇasthamapi sūtraṃ himairiva 18

18. jihvā jarjaratām eti prākṛtānunayajvaraiḥ
padmakoṭarakkoṇastham api sūtram himaiḥ iva

18. jihvā prākṛtānunayajvaraiḥ jarjaratām eti,
himaiḥ padmakoṭarakkoṇastham api sūtram iva

18. The tongue becomes worn out (jarjaratām eti) by the feverish flattery of vulgar people (prākṛtānunayajvaraiḥ), just as even a delicate thread located in the corner of a lotus's calyx (padmakoṭarakkoṇastham) becomes brittle from frost (himaiḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• जिह्वा (jihvā) - the tongue (tongue)

• जर्जरताम् (jarjaratām) - a worn-out state, decrepitude (decrepitude, brokenness, worn-out state)

• एति (eti) - becomes, attains (goes, attains, reaches)

• प्राकृतानुनयज्वरैः (prākṛtānunayajvaraiḥ) - by the feverish flattery of vulgar people (by the fevers of flattering vulgar people)

• पद्मकोटरक्कोणस्थम् (padmakoṭarakkoṇastham) - located in the corner of a lotus's calyx (situated in the corner of a lotus calyx)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• सूत्रम् (sūtram) - thread (thread, string, aphorism (sūtra))

• हिमैः (himaiḥ) - from frost (by frosts, by snows, by cold)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

जिह्वा (jihvā) - the tongue (tongue)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jihvā

jihvā - tongue, language

Note: Subject of 'eti'.

जर्जरताम् (jarjaratām) - a worn-out state, decrepitude (decrepitude, brokenness, worn-out state)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarjaratā

jarjaratā - decrepitude, brokenness, worn-out state, frailty

Derived from jarjara (old, worn out) + -tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: Object of 'eti' (attains).

एति (eti) - becomes, attains (goes, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of i

Present active indicative

3rd person singular present active

Root: i (class 2)

प्राकृतानुनयज्वरैः (prākṛtānunayajvaraiḥ) - by the feverish flattery of vulgar people (by the fevers of flattering vulgar people)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prākṛtānunayajvara

prākṛtānunayajvara - fever of flattering vulgar people

Compound. Prākṛtānunaya (flattery of vulgar people) is a tatpuruṣa. Prākṛtānunayajvara is a ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prākṛta+anunaya+jvara)

• prākṛta – natural, common, vulgar, unrefined
  adjective (masculine)
• anunaya – flattery, coaxing, conciliation, entreaty
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: nī (class 1)
• jvara – fever, distress, anxiety
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jvar (class 1)

Note: Instrument of 'jarjaratām eti'.

पद्मकोटरक्कोणस्थम् (padmakoṭarakkoṇastham) - located in the corner of a lotus's calyx (situated in the corner of a lotus calyx)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of padmakoṭarakkoṇastha

padmakoṭarakkoṇastha - situated in the corner of a lotus calyx

Compound. Padmakoṭara (lotus calyx) is a tatpuruṣa. Padmakoṭarakkoṇa (corner of lotus calyx) is a tatpuruṣa. Padmakoṭarakkoṇastha (situated in...) is a dvandva or upapada.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (padma+koṭara+koṇa+stha)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• koṭara – hollow, cavity, calyx (of a flower)
  noun (neuter)
• koṇa – corner, angle, specific part
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sūtram'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

सूत्रम् (sūtram) - thread (thread, string, aphorism (sūtra))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sūtra

sūtra - thread, string, aphorism (sūtra), rule

Root: siv (class 4)

Note: Subject of the implied verb in the simile.

हिमैः (himaiḥ) - from frost (by frosts, by snows, by cold)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hima

hima - frost, snow, cold, winter

Note: Instrument of action in the simile.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)