योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-71, verse-59

एवमेष महाबाहो जीवः संसारकारणम् ।
मूकेनातिवराकेण देहकेनेह किं कृतम् ॥ ५९ ॥

evameṣa mahābāho jīvaḥ saṃsārakāraṇam ,
mūkenātivarākeṇa dehakeneha kiṃ kṛtam 59

59. evam eṣaḥ mahābāho jīvaḥ saṃsāra-kāraṇam
mūkena ativarākeṇa dehakena iha kim kṛtam

59. mahābāho evam eṣaḥ jīvaḥ saṃsāra-kāraṇam.
mūkena ativarākeṇa dehakena iha kim kṛtam?

59. O mighty-armed one (mahābāho), thus this individual soul (jīva) is the cause of transmigration (saṃsāra). What, then, has been accomplished here by this mute, utterly helpless, mere body?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this explained manner (thus, in this manner, so)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the jīva) (this, he)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - a common respectful address (mahābāho), implying prowess or capability (O mighty-armed one, O strong-armed one)

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul (jīva) (the living being, the individual soul)

• संसार-कारणम् (saṁsāra-kāraṇam) - the fundamental reason for the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra) (cause of transmigration, reason for worldly existence)

• मूकेन (mūkena) - by this (body) that cannot speak for itself (by the mute, by the silent one)

• अतिवराकेण (ativarākeṇa) - by this utterly helpless (body) (by the extremely wretched, by the very miserable)

• देहकेन (dehakena) - by this insignificant physical form (by the poor body, by the mere body)

• इह (iha) - in this mundane existence (here, in this world)

• किम् (kim) - what (significant effect, result)? (what?, why?, what for?)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished, achieved (done, made, performed)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this explained manner (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the jīva) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Subject.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - a common respectful address (mahābāho), implying prowess or capability (O mighty-armed one, O strong-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound of mahā (great) and bāhu (arm)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm, fore-arm
  noun (masculine)

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul (jīva) (the living being, the individual soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - living, existing, individual soul, life, living being

From root jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Main subject of the first clause.

संसार-कारणम् (saṁsāra-kāraṇam) - the fundamental reason for the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra) (cause of transmigration, reason for worldly existence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃsāra-kāraṇa

saṁsāra-kāraṇa - cause of transmigration

Compound of saṃsāra (transmigration) and kāraṇa (cause)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (saṃsāra+kāraṇa)

• saṃsāra – transmigration, cycle of rebirth, worldly existence
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-sṛ (to flow together, to move continuously)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do) + -ana suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate noun for 'jīvaḥ'.

मूकेन (mūkena) - by this (body) that cannot speak for itself (by the mute, by the silent one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mūka

mūka - mute, dumb, silent

अतिवराकेण (ativarākeṇa) - by this utterly helpless (body) (by the extremely wretched, by the very miserable)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ativarāka

ativarāka - extremely wretched, very miserable, very helpless

Compound of ati (very, exceedingly) and varāka (wretched, miserable)

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (ati+varāka)

• ati – very, exceedingly, beyond
  upasarga
• varāka – wretched, miserable, poor, helpless
  adjective

Note: Adjective modifying 'dehakena'.

देहकेन (dehakena) - by this insignificant physical form (by the poor body, by the mere body)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dehaka

dehaka - little body, mere body, poor body (diminutive/pejorative of deha)

From 'deha' (body) + diminutive suffix '-ka'

Note: Agent of 'kṛtam'.

इह (iha) - in this mundane existence (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place/time

Note: Modifies 'kṛtam'.

किम् (kim) - what (significant effect, result)? (what?, why?, what for?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, why?

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Interrogative pronoun, object of 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished, achieved (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)