योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-71, verse-59

एवमेष महाबाहो जीवः संसारकारणम् ।
मूकेनातिवराकेण देहकेनेह किं कृतम् ॥ ५९ ॥

evameṣa mahābāho jīvaḥ saṃsārakāraṇam ,
mūkenātivarākeṇa dehakeneha kiṃ kṛtam 59

59. evam eṣaḥ mahābāho jīvaḥ saṃsāra-kāraṇam
mūkena ativarākeṇa dehakena iha kim kṛtam

59. mahābāho evam eṣaḥ jīvaḥ saṃsāra-kāraṇam.
mūkena ativarākeṇa dehakena iha kim kṛtam?

59. O mighty-armed one (mahābāho), thus this individual soul (jīva) is the cause of transmigration (saṃsāra). What, then, has been accomplished here by this mute, utterly helpless, mere body?

59. כך, הו גיבור אדיר זרועות, הַגִ'יוָוה הוא עצמו הסיבה לַסַּמְסָארָה (סבך הקיום). מה חטאו של הגוף האילם והעלוב הזה, ומה חלקו בכך?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this explained manner (thus, in this manner, so)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the jīva) (this, he)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - a common respectful address (mahābāho), implying prowess or capability (O mighty-armed one, O strong-armed one)

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul (jīva) (the living being, the individual soul)

• संसार-कारणम् (saṁsāra-kāraṇam) - the fundamental reason for the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra) (cause of transmigration, reason for worldly existence)

• मूकेन (mūkena) - by this (body) that cannot speak for itself (by the mute, by the silent one)

• अतिवराकेण (ativarākeṇa) - by this utterly helpless (body) (by the extremely wretched, by the very miserable)

• देहकेन (dehakena) - by this insignificant physical form (by the poor body, by the mere body)

• इह (iha) - in this mundane existence (here, in this world)

• किम् (kim) - what (significant effect, result)? (what?, why?, what for?)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished, achieved (done, made, performed)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this explained manner (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the jīva) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Subject.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - a common respectful address (mahābāho), implying prowess or capability (O mighty-armed one, O strong-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound of mahā (great) and bāhu (arm)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm, fore-arm
  noun (masculine)

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul (jīva) (the living being, the individual soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - living, existing, individual soul, life, living being

From root jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Main subject of the first clause.

संसार-कारणम् (saṁsāra-kāraṇam) - the fundamental reason for the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra) (cause of transmigration, reason for worldly existence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃsāra-kāraṇa

saṁsāra-kāraṇa - cause of transmigration

Compound of saṃsāra (transmigration) and kāraṇa (cause)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (saṃsāra+kāraṇa)

• saṃsāra – transmigration, cycle of rebirth, worldly existence
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-sṛ (to flow together, to move continuously)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do) + -ana suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate noun for 'jīvaḥ'.

मूकेन (mūkena) - by this (body) that cannot speak for itself (by the mute, by the silent one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mūka

mūka - mute, dumb, silent

अतिवराकेण (ativarākeṇa) - by this utterly helpless (body) (by the extremely wretched, by the very miserable)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ativarāka

ativarāka - extremely wretched, very miserable, very helpless

Compound of ati (very, exceedingly) and varāka (wretched, miserable)

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (ati+varāka)

• ati – very, exceedingly, beyond
  upasarga
• varāka – wretched, miserable, poor, helpless
  adjective

Note: Adjective modifying 'dehakena'.

देहकेन (dehakena) - by this insignificant physical form (by the poor body, by the mere body)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dehaka

dehaka - little body, mere body, poor body (diminutive/pejorative of deha)

From 'deha' (body) + diminutive suffix '-ka'

Note: Agent of 'kṛtam'.

इह (iha) - in this mundane existence (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place/time

Note: Modifies 'kṛtam'.

किम् (kim) - what (significant effect, result)? (what?, why?, what for?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, why?

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Interrogative pronoun, object of 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished, achieved (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Previous Verse Next Verse