योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-11, verse-54

विचित्ररूपोदेतीयमविचित्रात्स्थितिः शिवात् ।
एकवर्णात्पयोवाहाच्छक्रचापलता यथा ॥ ५४ ॥

vicitrarūpodetīyamavicitrātsthitiḥ śivāt ,
ekavarṇātpayovāhācchakracāpalatā yathā 54

54. vicitrarūpā udeti iyam avicitrāt sthitiḥ
śivāt ekavarṇāt payovāhāt śakracāpalatā yathā

54. yathā ekavarṇāt payovāhāt śakracāpalatā (udeti),
(tathā) iyam vicitrarūpā sthitiḥ avicitrāt śivāt udeti

54. This variegated form (rūpa) arises from the unchanging, auspicious abiding state, just as the phenomenon of the rainbow (śakracāpa) arises from a single-colored rain cloud (payovāha).

Words meanings summery:

• विचित्ररूपा (vicitrarūpā) - variegated form, diverse appearance (feminine nominative singular)

• उदेति (udeti) - arises, emerges, comes forth

• इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

• अविचित्रात् (avicitrāt) - from the unchanging, from the non-variegated

• स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - state, condition, abiding, existence

• शिवात् (śivāt) - from the auspicious (source) (from the auspicious, from the benevolent, from Śiva)

• एकवर्णात् (ekavarṇāt) - from the single-colored

• पयोवाहात् (payovāhāt) - from the rain cloud

• शक्रचापलता (śakracāpalatā) - the phenomenon/appearance of a rainbow, rainbow's beauty

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

Words meanings and morphology

विचित्ररूपा (vicitrarūpā) - variegated form, diverse appearance (feminine nominative singular)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vicitrarūpa

vicitrarūpa - variegated form/appearance, diverse shape

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vicitra+rūpa)

• vicitra – various, variegated, wonderful
  adjective
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'iyam' and is the subject of 'udeti'.

उदेति (udeti) - arises, emerges, comes forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of udeti

present active

Root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'ud'. Pāṇinian class 2.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: The subject is 'iyam vicitrarūpā'.

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to 'vicitrarūpā sthitiḥ'.

अविचित्रात् (avicitrāt) - from the unchanging, from the non-variegated

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of avicitra

avicitra - not variegated, uniform, unchanging

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vicitra)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
• vicitra – various, variegated, wonderful
  adjective

Note: Adjective modifying 'śivāt' which implies an unchanging source.

स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - state, condition, abiding, existence

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - standing, abiding, state, condition, stability

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'udeti'. It's the 'abiding state' that is 'variegated form'.

शिवात् (śivāt) - from the auspicious (source) (from the auspicious, from the benevolent, from Śiva)

(adjective/noun)

Note: Source from which 'sthitiḥ' arises, it agrees with 'avicitrāt'.

एकवर्णात् (ekavarṇāt) - from the single-colored

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ekavarṇa

ekavarṇa - single-colored, uniform in color

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+varṇa)

• eka – one, single
  numeral adjective (masculine)
• varṇa – color, hue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'payovāhāt'.

पयोवाहात् (payovāhāt) - from the rain cloud

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of payovāha

payovāha - rain cloud, water-bearer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (payas+vāha)

• payas – water, milk
  noun (neuter)
• vāha – bearer, carrier
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Source from which the rainbow arises.

शक्रचापलता (śakracāpalatā) - the phenomenon/appearance of a rainbow, rainbow's beauty

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakracāpalatā

śakracāpalatā - the phenomenon/beauty/arc of a rainbow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śakracāpa+latā)

• śakracāpa – Indra's bow, rainbow
  noun (masculine)
• latā – creeper, vine; also figuratively beauty, grace, streak
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'arises'.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Starts the comparative clause.