योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-11, verse-12

अक्षीणाजीवितं पुत्रं कालो मे नीतवानिति ।
नियतेर्वशतो देव तुच्छापीच्छा ममोदिता ॥ १२ ॥

akṣīṇājīvitaṃ putraṃ kālo me nītavāniti ,
niyatervaśato deva tucchāpīcchā mamoditā 12

12. akṣīṇājīvitam putram kālaḥ me nītavān iti
niyateḥ vaśataḥ deva tucchā api icchā mama uditā

12. deva,
kālaḥ akṣīṇājīvitam putram me nītavān iti niyateḥ vaśataḥ tucchā api icchā mama uditā.

12. O Lord, thinking 'Time has taken away my son whose life was not yet diminished,' a trifling wish has arisen in me, even though I am subject to the power of destiny.

Words meanings summery:

• अक्षीणाजीवितम् (akṣīṇājīvitam) - (my) son whose life was cut short (one whose life is not diminished, whose life is not exhausted, having unexhausted life)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - (my) son (son)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (personified as the agent of death) (Time, Death, appropriate time)

• मे (me) - my (son) (to me, for me, my)

• नीतवान् (nītavān) - took away (my son) (took, led, carried away)

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a quotation or thought (thus, so, in this manner)

• नियतेः (niyateḥ) - of destiny (which led to the son's death) (of destiny, of fate, of necessity)

• वशतः (vaśataḥ) - due to the power of (destiny) (by the power of, by the control of, by compulsion)

• देव (deva) - O Lord (addressing a deity or respected person) (O god, O divine being, O lord)

• तुच्छा (tucchā) - a futile (wish) (trifling, insignificant, futile, empty)

• अपि (api) - even (a trifling wish) (also, even, too)

• इच्छा (icchā) - a (trifling) wish (to undo destiny's work) (wish, desire, will)

• मम (mama) - my (wish) (my, of me)

• उदिता (uditā) - has arisen (in me) (arisen, appeared, manifested)

Words meanings and morphology

अक्षीणाजीवितम् (akṣīṇājīvitam) - (my) son whose life was cut short (one whose life is not diminished, whose life is not exhausted, having unexhausted life)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akṣīṇājīvita

akṣīṇājīvita - having unexhausted life, whose life is not diminished

Compound of 'a' (negative), 'kṣīṇa' (diminished), and 'jīvita' (life). Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kṣīṇa+jīvita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• kṣīṇa – diminished, exhausted, wasted away
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṣi (to waste away)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• jīvita – life, living
  noun (neuter)
  From √jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'putram'. Accusative singular masculine as it agrees with 'putram'.

पुत्रम् (putram) - (my) son (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of 'nītavān'.

कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (personified as the agent of death) (Time, Death, appropriate time)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, duration, period, death

Note: Subject of 'nītavān'.

मे (me) - my (son) (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form of 'mama' or 'mayā'. Here genitive.

नीतवान् (nītavān) - took away (my son) (took, led, carried away)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nītavant

nīta - led, taken, carried

Past Passive Participle

From √nī (to lead, carry)

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: This is the nominative singular masculine form of the Ktvatu suffix applied to √nī. It acts like a verb in a past active sense.

इति (iti) - marks the end of a quotation or thought (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Follows the direct speech/thought.

नियतेः (niyateḥ) - of destiny (which led to the son's death) (of destiny, of fate, of necessity)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of niyati

niyati - destiny, fate, necessity, restraint

From ni + √yam (to restrain)

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Governs 'vaśataḥ'.

वशतः (vaśataḥ) - due to the power of (destiny) (by the power of, by the control of, by compulsion)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound with 'vaśa' and suffix 'tas'.

Note: Used with a genitive to indicate cause or power.

देव (deva) - O Lord (addressing a deity or respected person) (O god, O divine being, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine, lord, king

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Directly addresses the listener.

तुच्छा (tucchā) - a futile (wish) (trifling, insignificant, futile, empty)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tuccha

tuccha - empty, vain, trifling, insignificant, futile

Note: Qualifies 'icchā'. Feminine nominative singular.

अपि (api) - even (a trifling wish) (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'tucchā icchā'.

इच्छा (icchā) - a (trifling) wish (to undo destiny's work) (wish, desire, will)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of icchā

icchā - wish, desire, will, inclination

From √iṣ (to wish, desire)

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'uditā'.

मम (mama) - my (wish) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Possessive form.

उदिता (uditā) - has arisen (in me) (arisen, appeared, manifested)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of udita

udita - arisen, appeared, said, risen

Past Passive Participle

From ud-√i (to go up, rise)

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Feminine nominative singular to agree with 'icchā'.