योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-96, verse-59

आलोक इव रूपाणामर्थानां कारणं मनः ।
बध्यते बद्धचित्तो हि मुक्तचित्तो हि मुच्यते ॥ ५९ ॥

āloka iva rūpāṇāmarthānāṃ kāraṇaṃ manaḥ ,
badhyate baddhacitto hi muktacitto hi mucyate 59

59. ālokaḥ iva rūpāṇām arthānām kāraṇam manaḥ
badhyate baddhacittaḥ hi muktacittaḥ hi mucyate

59. rūpāṇām ālokaḥ iva,
manaḥ arthānām kāraṇam (asti).
hi baddhacittaḥ badhyate hi muktacittaḥ mucyate.

59. Just as light is the cause for forms, so too the mind (manas) is the cause for objects of experience. Indeed, one whose mind (citta) is bound becomes bound, and one whose mind (citta) is liberated becomes liberated.

Words meanings summery:

• आलोकः (ālokaḥ) - light, sight, perception

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• रूपाणाम् (rūpāṇām) - of forms, of appearances

• अर्थानाम् (arthānām) - of objects of experience (of objects, of meanings, of purposes)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

• बध्यते (badhyate) - is bound, is tied

• बद्धचित्तः (baddhacittaḥ) - one whose mind is bound, bound-minded

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• मुक्तचित्तः (muktacittaḥ) - one whose mind is liberated, liberated-minded

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated, is released

Words meanings and morphology

आलोकः (ālokaḥ) - light, sight, perception

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āloka

āloka - light, luster, sight, perception, viewing

From prefix `ā` + root `lok` (to see).

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

रूपाणाम् (rūpāṇām) - of forms, of appearances

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, phenomenon

Root: rūp (class 10)

Note: Refers to 'of forms'.

अर्थानाम् (arthānām) - of objects of experience (of objects, of meanings, of purposes)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of artha

artha - object, purpose, meaning, wealth, matter

Root: ṛ

Note: Refers to 'of objects (of perception/experience)'.

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument, motive

From root `kṛ` (to do, make) + nominal suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'manaḥ'.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, consciousness, spirit

From root `man` (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is'.

बध्यते (badhyate) - is bound, is tied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of bandh

Present Tense, Passive Voice

From root `bandh` (to bind), 3rd person singular passive.

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: The subject is 'baddhacittaḥ'.

बद्धचित्तः (baddhacittaḥ) - one whose mind is bound, bound-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of baddhacitta

baddhacitta - one whose mind is bound, having a bound mind

Bahuvrīhi compound: `baddha` (bound) + `citta` (mind).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (baddha+citta)

• baddha – bound, tied, fettered, constrained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bandh` (to bind) + -ta suffix.
  Root: bandh (class 9)
• citta – mind, thought, consciousness
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `cit` (to perceive, understand) + -ta suffix. Used as a noun.
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'badhyate'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

मुक्तचित्तः (muktacittaḥ) - one whose mind is liberated, liberated-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muktacitta

muktacitta - one whose mind is liberated, having a liberated mind

Bahuvrīhi compound: `mukta` (liberated) + `citta` (mind).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mukta+citta)

• mukta – liberated, released, freed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `muc` (to release, free) + -ta suffix.
  Root: muc (class 6)
• citta – mind, thought, consciousness
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `cit` (to perceive, understand) + -ta suffix. Used as a noun.
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'mucyate'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated, is released

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc

Present Tense, Passive Voice

From root `muc` (to release), 3rd person singular passive.

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: The subject is 'muktacittaḥ'.