योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-96, verse-52

अज्ञानात्परमार्थस्य विपरीतावबोधतः ।
केवलं विवदन्त्येते विकल्पैरारुरुक्षवः ॥ ५२ ॥

ajñānātparamārthasya viparītāvabodhataḥ ,
kevalaṃ vivadantyete vikalpairārurukṣavaḥ 52

52. ajñānāt paramārthasya viparītāvabodhataḥ
kevalam vivadanti ete vikalpaiḥ ārurukṣavaḥ

52. ete ārurukṣavaḥ paramārthasya ajñānāt
viparītāvabodhataḥ kevalam vikalpaiḥ vivadanti

52. These individuals, desiring to ascend (to the truth), merely argue with their various conceptualizations, stemming from their ignorance of the ultimate reality (paramārtha) and their mistaken understanding.

Words meanings summery:

• अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance of ultimate reality (from ignorance, due to ignorance)

• परमार्थस्य (paramārthasya) - of the ultimate reality (paramārtha) (of the ultimate reality, of the supreme truth)

• विपरीतावबोधतः (viparītāvabodhataḥ) - from mistaken understanding, from reverse comprehension

• केवलम् (kevalam) - merely, only, solely

• विवदन्ति (vivadanti) - they dispute, they argue

• एते (ete) - these individuals/people (these (masculine plural nominative))

• विकल्पैः (vikalpaiḥ) - with conceptualizations, with notions, with alternatives

• आरुरुक्षवः (ārurukṣavaḥ) - those desiring to ascend/reach, seekers

Words meanings and morphology

अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance of ultimate reality (from ignorance, due to ignorance)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, want of knowledge

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

परमार्थस्य (paramārthasya) - of the ultimate reality (paramārtha) (of the ultimate reality, of the supreme truth)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paramārtha

paramārtha - highest truth, ultimate reality, supreme goal

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+artha)

• parama – highest, supreme, ultimate
  adjective (masculine)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth, reality
  noun (masculine)

विपरीतावबोधतः (viparītāvabodhataḥ) - from mistaken understanding, from reverse comprehension

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of viparītāvabodha

viparītāvabodha - mistaken understanding, perverse comprehension

Compound type : karmadhāraya (viparīta+avabodha)

• viparīta – reversed, opposite, contrary, mistaken
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi-pari-ī, meaning "to go beyond"
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)
• avabodha – understanding, perception, knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  derived from ava-budh
  Prefix: ava
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: The -taḥ ending is a tasil suffix for ablative, meaning 'from, on account of'.

केवलम् (kevalam) - merely, only, solely

(indeclinable)

विवदन्ति (vivadanti) - they dispute, they argue

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vivad

Prefix: vi

Root: vad (class 1)

एते (ete) - these individuals/people (these (masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

विकल्पैः (vikalpaiḥ) - with conceptualizations, with notions, with alternatives

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vikalpa

vikalpa - alternative, option, doubt, conceptualization, mental construct

derived from vi-kḷp

Prefix: vi

Root: kḷp (class 10)

आरुरुक्षवः (ārurukṣavaḥ) - those desiring to ascend/reach, seekers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ārurukṣu

ārurukṣu - desiring to ascend, wishing to climb, aspiring

Desiderative Noun

Desiderative form of 'ā-ruh' (to ascend) + u suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Acts as a subject noun here.