योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-96, verse-29

सदसत्तां नयत्याशु सत्तां वा सत्त्वमञ्जसा ।
सत्तासत्ताविकल्पोऽयं तेन मायेति कथ्यते ॥ २९ ॥

sadasattāṃ nayatyāśu sattāṃ vā sattvamañjasā ,
sattāsattāvikalpo'yaṃ tena māyeti kathyate 29

29. sat asattām nayati āśu sattām vā sattvam añjasā
sattā asattā vikalpaḥ ayam tena māyā iti kathyate

29. sattvam añjasā āśu sat asattām nayati,
vā (asattām) sattām (nayati).
tena ayam sattā asattā vikalpaḥ māyā iti kathyate

29. The principle of being (sattva) swiftly and directly (añjasā) leads an existent thing (sat) to non-existence (asattā), or a non-existent thing to existence (sattā). This alternating perception of existence and non-existence is therefore called illusion (māyā).

Words meanings summery:

• सत् (sat) - an existent thing, a reality, truth

• असत्ताम् (asattām) - to non-existence, to a state of non-being

• नयति (nayati) - leads, brings, conducts

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• सत्ताम् (sattām) - to existence, to a state of being

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - being, essential reality, essence, principle of existence

• अञ्जसा (añjasā) - truly, directly, exactly, immediately

• सत्ता असत्ता विकल्पः (sattā asattā vikalpaḥ) - the distinction/alternation between existence and non-existence

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

• तेन (tena) - by that, therefore

• माया (māyā) - illusion, magic, divine power (māyā)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (quotative marker)

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called, is said, is described

Words meanings and morphology

सत् (sat) - an existent thing, a reality, truth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - existing, real, true, good, an existent thing

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to an existent object or state.

असत्ताम् (asattām) - to non-existence, to a state of non-being

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of asattā

asattā - non-existence, non-being, unreality

Formed from 'a' (negative prefix) + 'sattā' (existence).

Compound type : nah-tatpurusha (a+sattā)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• sattā – existence, being, reality
  noun (feminine)
  From 'sat' (existent) + 'tā' (abstract noun suffix).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Object of 'nayati'.

नयति (nayati) - leads, brings, conducts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nī

Present Active

Root 'nī' (to lead) in present tense, third person singular.

Root: nī (class 1)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'nayati'.

सत्ताम् (sattām) - to existence, to a state of being

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sattā

sattā - existence, being, reality

From 'sat' (existent) + 'tā' (abstract noun suffix).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Object of 'nayati' (implied with 'vā').

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects two clauses.

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - being, essential reality, essence, principle of existence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - being, existence, essence, reality, truth, goodness, the quality of goodness (sattva)

From 'sat' + 'tva' (abstract noun suffix).

Root: as (class 2)

अञ्जसा (añjasā) - truly, directly, exactly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of 'añjasa' used adverbially.

Note: Modifies 'nayati'.

सत्ता असत्ता विकल्पः (sattā asattā vikalpaḥ) - the distinction/alternation between existence and non-existence

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sattā asattā vikalpa

sattā asattā vikalpa - distinction between existence and non-existence, alternative of existence/non-existence

Compound.

Compound type : dvandva/tatpurusha (sattā+asattā+vikalpa)

• sattā – existence, being, reality
  noun (feminine)
  From 'sat' + 'tā'.
  Root: as (class 2)
• asattā – non-existence, non-being, unreality
  noun (feminine)
  Formed from 'a' + 'sattā'.
  Prefix: a
• vikalpa – alternative, option, distinction, doubt, mental construction
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vi' + root 'kḷp' (to be ordered, arranged) + suffix 'a'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative with 'ayam'.

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

तेन (tena) - by that, therefore

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Adverbial usage 'therefore'.

माया (māyā) - illusion, magic, divine power (māyā)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, supernatural power, divine creative energy (māyā)

From root 'mā' (to measure, form, create).

Root: mā (class 3)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (quotative marker)

(indeclinable)

Particle used to introduce or conclude a quotation, or to indicate 'thus' or 'what is called'.

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called, is said, is described

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

Present Passive

From causal root 'kath' (from 'kṛt') in present tense, third person singular, passive voice.

Root: kṛt (class 10)