योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-96, verse-4

भावः सदसतोर्मध्ये नृणां चलति यश्चलः ।
कलनोन्मुखतां यातस्तद्रूपं मनसो विदुः ॥ ४ ॥

bhāvaḥ sadasatormadhye nṛṇāṃ calati yaścalaḥ ,
kalanonmukhatāṃ yātastadrūpaṃ manaso viduḥ 4

4. bhāvaḥ sad-asatoḥ madhye nṛṇām calati yaḥ calaḥ
kalanaunmukhatām yātaḥ tat rūpam manasaḥ viduḥ

4. nṛṇām madhye sad-asatoḥ yaḥ calaḥ bhāvaḥ calati
kalanaunmukhatām yātaḥ tat manasaḥ rūpam viduḥ

4. That mental state (bhāvaḥ) which fluctuates among humans (nṛṇām) between the existent and the non-existent, and which is fickle, having attained a tendency towards conceptualization – that, they understand to be the nature of the mind (manas).

4. הלך הרוח הנע אצל בני האדם בין הקיים לבלתי קיים, כשהוא נוטה לעבר תפיסה ודימוי, הוא המוכר כצורתה של החשיבה.

Words meanings summery:

• भावः (bhāvaḥ) - mental state, thought (state of being, existence, mental state, emotion, intention)

• सद्-असतोः (sad-asatoḥ) - of the existent and the non-existent, of the real and the unreal

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, between, among

• नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - among humans (of men, of humans, among humans)

• चलति (calati) - fluctuates (moves, fluctuates, wavers, goes)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• चलः (calaḥ) - fickle, unsteady (moving, unsteady, fickle, transient)

• कलनौन्मुखताम् (kalanaunmukhatām) - a tendency towards conceptualization (inclination towards conceptualization, tendency for mental construction)

• यातः (yātaḥ) - having attained (gone, attained, reached, having gone)

• तत् (tat) - that (refers to the mental state described) (that, it)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - nature (form, nature, essence, appearance)

• मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind (of the mind, intellect, heart)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

Words meanings and morphology

भावः (bhāvaḥ) - mental state, thought (state of being, existence, mental state, emotion, intention)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - being, existence, state, emotion, disposition, thought, intention

Root: bhū (class 1)

सद्-असतोः (sad-asatoḥ) - of the existent and the non-existent, of the real and the unreal

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, dual of sat-asat

sat-asat - existent-non-existent, real-unreal

Compound type : dvandva (sat+asat)

• sat – being, existent, real, good
  noun (neuter)
  present active participle
  from root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• asat – not being, non-existent, unreal, bad
  noun (neuter)
  present active participle
  from root as (to be) with negation na
  Prefix: na
  Root: as (class 2)

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, between, among

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative singular of 'madhya' used adverbially

नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - among humans (of men, of humans, among humans)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, human being

चलति (calati) - fluctuates (moves, fluctuates, wavers, goes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of cal

Root: cal (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun

चलः (calaḥ) - fickle, unsteady (moving, unsteady, fickle, transient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cala

cala - moving, unsteady, fickle, transient

कलनौन्मुखताम् (kalanaunmukhatām) - a tendency towards conceptualization (inclination towards conceptualization, tendency for mental construction)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kalanaunmukhatā

kalanaunmukhatā - inclination towards conceptualization/mental activity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kalana+unmukhatā)

• kalana – calculating, reckoning, conceptualizing, mental construction
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kal (class 1)
• unmukhatā – inclination, tendency, facing towards, eagerness
  noun (feminine)

यातः (yātaḥ) - having attained (gone, attained, reached, having gone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, arrived, obtained, passed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'yā' (to go, to move)

Root: yā (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (refers to the mental state described) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Agrees with 'rūpam' as the object of 'viduḥ'.

रूपम् (rūpam) - nature (form, nature, essence, appearance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, nature, essence

Note: Object of 'viduḥ'.

मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind (of the mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

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