योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-11, verse-47

अज्ञतातज्ज्ञते पूर्व वक्तुर्निर्णीय कार्यतः ।
यः करति नरः प्रश्नं प्रच्छकः स महामतिः ॥ ४७ ॥

ajñatātajjñate pūrva vakturnirṇīya kāryataḥ ,
yaḥ karati naraḥ praśnaṃ pracchakaḥ sa mahāmatiḥ 47

47. ajñatātajjñate pūrvam vaktuḥ nirṇīya kāryataḥ
yaḥ karoti naraḥ praśnam pracchakaḥ saḥ mahāmatiḥ

47. yaḥ naraḥ pūrvam vaktuḥ ajñatātajjñate kāryataḥ
nirṇīya praśnam karoti saḥ pracchakaḥ mahāmatiḥ

47. The person who first properly assesses the speaker's ignorance and expertise, and then asks a question, that questioner is truly great-minded.

Words meanings summery:

• अज्ञतातज्ज्ञते (ajñatātajjñate) - ignorance and expertise

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, before, formerly

• वक्तुः (vaktuḥ) - of the speaker

• निर्णीय (nirṇīya) - having ascertained, having determined, having decided

• कार्यतः (kāryataḥ) - properly, practically (by reason of work, by the context, properly, practically)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• करोति (karoti) - asks (a question) (does, makes, performs)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person

• प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - question, inquiry

• प्रच्छकः (pracchakaḥ) - questioner, inquirer

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• महामतिः (mahāmatiḥ) - great-minded, intelligent, wise

Words meanings and morphology

अज्ञतातज्ज्ञते (ajñatātajjñate) - ignorance and expertise

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of ajñatātajjñatā

ajñatātajjñatā - ignorance and expertise (as combined qualities)

Dvandva compound of ajñatā and tajjñatā.

Compound type : dvandva (ajñatā+tajjñatā)

• ajñatā – ignorance, lack of knowledge
  noun (feminine)
  From 'a' (neg.) + 'jñā' (to know) + 'tal' (abstract suffix).
  Prefix: a
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• tajjñatā – expertise, knowledge of that
  noun (feminine)
  From 'tad' (that) + 'jñā' (to know) + 'tal' (abstract suffix).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of nirṇīya.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, before, formerly

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies nirṇīya.

वक्तुः (vaktuḥ) - of the speaker

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vaktṛ

vaktṛ - speaker, eloquent person

Agent noun from √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Possessive, related to `ajñatātajjñate`.

निर्णीय (nirṇīya) - having ascertained, having determined, having decided

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From nir + √ṇī 'to lead, to guide'. Here, 'to ascertain'.

Prefix: nir

Root: ṇī (class 1)

कार्यतः (kāryataḥ) - properly, practically (by reason of work, by the context, properly, practically)

(indeclinable)

Formed with the -tas suffix from kārya (work, deed).

Note: Modifies nirṇīya.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of karoti.

करोति (karoti) - asks (a question) (does, makes, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present tense, 3rd person singular.

Root kṛ (class 8).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person

Root: nṛ

Note: Qualifies `yaḥ`.

प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - question, inquiry

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praśna

praśna - question, inquiry

From pra + √prach.

Prefix: pra

Root: praś (class 6)

Note: Object of karoti.

प्रच्छकः (pracchakaḥ) - questioner, inquirer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pracchaka

pracchaka - questioner, inquirer

Agent noun from √prach.

From √prach + ṇvul.

Root: praś (class 6)

Note: Predicate noun for saḥ.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `yaḥ naraḥ`.

महामतिः (mahāmatiḥ) - great-minded, intelligent, wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmati

mahāmati - great-minded, intelligent, wise

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
  Feminine stem of mahat. Used as a prefix in compounds.
• mati – mind, intelligence, thought, wisdom
  noun (feminine)
  From √man 'to think'.
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for `pracchakaḥ`.

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