योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-11, verse-57

अविवेकिनमज्ञानमसज्जनरतिं जनम् ।
चिरं दूरतरे कृत्वा पूजनीया हि साधवः ॥ ५७ ॥

avivekinamajñānamasajjanaratiṃ janam ,
ciraṃ dūratare kṛtvā pūjanīyā hi sādhavaḥ 57

57. avivekinam ajñānam asajjanaratim janam
ciram dūratare kṛtvā pūjanīyāḥ hi sādhavaḥ

57. sādhavaḥ hi pūjanīyāḥ avivekinam ajñānam
asajjanaratim janam ciram dūratare kṛtvā

57. Indeed, virtuous people should be honored, after having kept away for a long time those who lack discernment, are ignorant, and delight in the company of wicked individuals.

Words meanings summery:

• अविवेकिनम् (avivekinam) - undiscerning, lacking discrimination, unwise

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorant, unknowing

• असज्जनरतिम् (asajjanaratim) - delighting in bad company, one who finds pleasure in wicked people

• जनम् (janam) - person, people

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, permanently

• दूरतरे (dūratare) - farther away, at a greater distance

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having placed

• पूजनीयाः (pūjanīyāḥ) - to be honored, venerable, worthy of respect

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - virtuous people, good persons

Words meanings and morphology

अविवेकिनम् (avivekinam) - undiscerning, lacking discrimination, unwise

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avivekin

avivekin - lacking discrimination, undiscerning, unwise

From a- (negation) + vivekin (discriminating)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+vivekin)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• vivekin – discriminating, discerning, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  From vi- + vic- (to distinguish), suffix -in
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vic (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'janam'.

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorant, unknowing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience; ignorant, unknowing

From a- (negation) + jñāna (knowledge)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+jñāna)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'janam'.

असज्जनरतिम् (asajjanaratim) - delighting in bad company, one who finds pleasure in wicked people

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asajjanarati

asajjanarati - delight in wicked people, fondness for bad company; one who delights in bad company

Bahuvrihi compound: asajjane ratiḥ yasya saḥ (one whose delight is in wicked people)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (asajjana+rati)

• asajjana – wicked person, bad person
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of a- (negation) + sat (good) + jana (person)
  Prefix: a
• rati – delight, pleasure, attachment
  noun (feminine)
  From ram (to delight)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'janam'.

जनम् (janam) - person, people

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, man, creature, people

From jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, permanently

(indeclinable)

Adverbial accusative of cira (long)

Note: Adverb modifying 'kṛtvā'.

दूरतरे (dūratare) - farther away, at a greater distance

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dūratara

dūratara - farther, more distant (comparative degree of dūra)

Comparative suffix -tara added to dūra (far)

Note: Specifies the location 'far away' for 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having placed

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Connects with the action of honoring (pūjanīyāḥ).

पूजनीयाः (pūjanīyāḥ) - to be honored, venerable, worthy of respect

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pūjanīya

pūjanīya - venerable, adorable, to be honored, worthy of worship

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Formed from pūj (to honor) with suffix -anīya

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'sādhavaḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

particle

साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - virtuous people, good persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man, sage

From sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'are'.