योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-11, verse-23

बीभत्सं विषयं दृष्ट्वा कौ नाम न विरज्यते ।
सतामुत्तमवैराग्य विवेकादेव जायते ॥ २३ ॥

bībhatsaṃ viṣayaṃ dṛṣṭvā kau nāma na virajyate ,
satāmuttamavairāgya vivekādeva jāyate 23

23. bībhatsam viṣayam dṛṣṭvā kau nāma na virajyate
satām uttamavairāgyam vivekāt eva jāyate

23. bībhatsam viṣayam dṛṣṭvā nāma kau na virajyate?
satām uttamavairāgyam vivekāt eva jāyate

23. Who indeed does not become detached (vairāgya) upon seeing a repulsive sense-object? But the excellent detachment (vairāgya) of the virtuous arises solely from their innate discernment.

Words meanings summery:

• बीभत्सम् (bībhatsam) - disgusting, repulsive, loathsome

• विषयम् (viṣayam) - sense-object, object of enjoyment, sphere

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• कौ (kau) - who (singular, used rhetorically) (who (dual))

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, pray tell

• न (na) - not

• विरज्यते (virajyate) - becomes detached, loses interest

• सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous, of good people

• उत्तमवैराग्यम् (uttamavairāgyam) - excellent detachment, supreme dispassion

• विवेकात् (vivekāt) - from discernment, from discrimination

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

Words meanings and morphology

बीभत्सम् (bībhatsam) - disgusting, repulsive, loathsome

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bībhatsa

bībhatsa - disgusting, repulsive

विषयम् (viṣayam) - sense-object, object of enjoyment, sphere

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - object, sense-object, sphere

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कौ (kau) - who (singular, used rhetorically) (who (dual))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: The dual number of 'kau' conflicts with the singular verb 'virajyate'. It is likely used rhetorically to mean 'who' (singular), or it might be a textual variant for 'kaḥ'.

नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, pray tell

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

विरज्यते (virajyate) - becomes detached, loses interest

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of rañj

present middle 3rd singular

from root rañj (div. 4)

Prefix: vi

Root: rañj (class 4)

सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous, of good people

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, good, virtuous person

Present Active Participle

from root as

Root: as (class 2)

उत्तमवैराग्यम् (uttamavairāgyam) - excellent detachment, supreme dispassion

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttamavairāgya

uttamavairāgya - excellent detachment

Compound type : karmadhāraya (uttama+vairāgya)

• uttama – best, excellent, supreme
  adjective (neuter)
• vairāgya – detachment, dispassion, renunciation (vairāgya)
  noun (neuter)

विवेकात् (vivekāt) - from discernment, from discrimination

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of viveka

viveka - discernment, discrimination

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

present middle 3rd singular

from root jan (div. 4)

Root: jan (class 4)