वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-88, verse-12

ततो विव्याध गात्रेषु सर्वेषु समितिंजयः ।
राघवस्तु सुसंक्रुद्धो रावणं बहुभिः शरैः ॥१२॥

12. tato vivyādha gātreṣu sarveṣu samitiṃjayaḥ ,
rāghavastu susaṃkruddho rāvaṇaṃ bahubhiḥ śaraiḥ.

12. tataḥ vivyādha gātreṣu sarveṣu samitiṃjayaḥ
rāghavaḥ tu susaṃkruddhaḥ rāvaṇam bahubhiḥ śaraiḥ

12. Then the conqueror in battle (Ravana) struck him in all his limbs. But Rama, greatly enraged, pierced Ravana with many arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck, hit

• गात्रेषु (gātreṣu) - in Rama's limbs (in the limbs, in the body parts)

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all

• समितिंजयः (samitiṁjayaḥ) - Ravana, the conqueror in battle (conqueror in battle)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama, descendant of Raghu

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• सुसंक्रुद्धः (susaṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, highly incensed

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Ravana

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect

Reduplicated Perfect (lit) from root √vyadh (4th class)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Occurs twice, first with 'samitiṃjayaḥ' as subject, second with 'rāghavaḥ'.

गात्रेषु (gātreṣu) - in Rama's limbs (in the limbs, in the body parts)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of gātra

gātra - limb, body

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: Qualifies 'gātreṣu'.

समितिंजयः (samitiṁjayaḥ) - Ravana, the conqueror in battle (conqueror in battle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samitiṃjaya

samitiṁjaya - conqueror in battle/assembly

compound (samiti + jaya)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (samiti+jaya)

• samiti – assembly, battle, encounter
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: i (class 2)
• jaya – victory, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ji (to conquer) + a suffix
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first 'vivyādha'.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama, descendant of Raghu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

patronymic (aṇ suffix) from Raghu

Note: Subject of the second (implied) 'vivyādha'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating contrast.

सुसंक्रुद्धः (susaṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, highly incensed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of susaṃkruddha

susaṁkruddha - greatly enraged, highly incensed

Past Passive Participle (compound)

From root √krudh (to be angry) with prefixes sam- and su-

Compound type : Pra-Tatpuruṣa or Avyayībhāva (su+sam+kruddha)

• su – good, well, greatly, intensely
  indeclinable
• sam – together, completely, intensely
  upasarga
• kruddha – angered, enraged
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √krudh (to be angry) + kta suffix
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'rāghavaḥ'.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Ravana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (proper name)

Note: Object of the second 'vivyādha'.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Instrument of piercing for Rama.