वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-16, verse-3

रामेत्युक्त्वा च वचनं वाष्पपर्याकुलेक्षणः ।
शशाक नृपतिर्दीनो नेक्षितुं नाभिभाषितुम् ॥३॥

3. rāmetyuktvā ca vacanaṃ vāṣpaparyākulekṣaṇaḥ ,
śaśāka nṛpatirdīno nekṣituṃ nābhibhāṣitum.

3. rāma iti uktvā ca vacanam vāṣpaparyākulekṣaṇaḥ |
śaśāka nṛpatiḥ dīnaḥ na īkṣitum na abhibhāṣitum

3. vāṣpaparyākulekṣaṇaḥ dīnaḥ nṛpatiḥ rāma iti
vacanam uktvā ca na īkṣitum na abhibhāṣitum śaśāka

3. And having uttered the word 'Rama', the distressed king, with eyes agitated by tears, was unable either to look (at him) or to speak (to him).

Words meanings summery:

• राम (rāma) - O Rama (vocative), Rama

• इति (iti) - thus, so, a particle used to denote quotation

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• च (ca) - and, also

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• वाष्पपर्याकुलेक्षणः (vāṣpaparyākulekṣaṇaḥ) - whose eyes are agitated by tears

• शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - Daśaratha (king, lord of men)

• दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, sad

• न (na) - not

• ईक्षितुम् (īkṣitum) - to look, to see

• न (na) - not

• अभिभाषितुम् (abhibhāṣitum) - to speak to, to address

Words meanings and morphology

राम (rāma) - O Rama (vocative), Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name), pleasing, black

Note: Used as part of a quoted speech.

इति (iti) - thus, so, a particle used to denote quotation

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root 'vac' (to speak) in past passive participle form 'ukta' + suffix '-tvā'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Indeclinable participle (absolutive/gerund).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, utterance, word, speech

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Also nominative singular. Context implies object of 'uktvā'.

वाष्पपर्याकुलेक्षणः (vāṣpaparyākulekṣaṇaḥ) - whose eyes are agitated by tears

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāṣpaparyākulekṣaṇa

vāṣpaparyākulekṣaṇa - whose eyes are agitated by tears

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāṣpa+paryākula+īkṣaṇa)

• vāṣpa – tears, vapor
  noun (masculine)
• paryākula – agitated, perplexed, troubled
  adjective (masculine)
  from 'pari' + 'ā' + root 'kul' (to gather)
  Prefixes: pari+ā
  Root: kul (class 1)
• īkṣaṇa – eye, seeing, looking
  noun (neuter)
  from root 'īkṣ' (to see)
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `nṛpatiḥ`.

शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - Daśaratha (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `śaśāka`.

दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, sad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, sad, wretched, miserable

past passive participle

From root 'dī' (to perish, decay, be sad)

Root: dī (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `nṛpatiḥ`.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

ईक्षितुम् (īkṣitum) - to look, to see

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form from root 'īkṣ'

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Used with `śaśāka` (was able).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अभिभाषितुम् (abhibhāṣitum) - to speak to, to address

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form from root 'bhāṣ' with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Used with `śaśāka` (was able).

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