वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-16, verse-55

स रामः पितरं कृत्वा कैकेयीं च प्रदक्षिणम् ।
निष्क्रम्यान्तःपुरात्तस्मात् स्वं ददर्श सुहृज्जनम् ॥५५॥

55. sa rāmaḥ pitaraṃ kṛtvā kaikeyīṃ ca pradakṣiṇam ,
niṣkramyāntaḥpurāttasmāt svaṃ dadarśa suhṛjjanam.

55. saḥ rāmaḥ pitaraṃ kṛtvā kaikeyīṃ ca pradakṣiṇam |
niṣkramya antaḥpurāt tasmāt svaṃ dadarśa suhṛt-janam

55. saḥ rāmaḥ pitaraṃ ca kaikeyīṃ pradakṣiṇam kṛtvā
tasmāt antaḥpurāt niṣkramya svaṃ suhṛt-janam dadarśa

55. That Rama, having performed circumambulation (pradakṣiṇam) of his father and Kaikeyi, exited from those inner chambers and saw his friends and kinsfolk.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Rama (he, that)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama, son of Daśaratha (Rama)

• पितरं (pitaraṁ) - King Daśaratha (father)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

• कैकेयीं (kaikeyīṁ) - Queen Kaikeyi (Kaikeyi)

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - performing the ritual of circumambulation (circumambulation (clockwise), auspicious right-hand turn)

• निष्क्रम्य (niṣkramya) - having exited, having gone out

• अन्तःपुरात् (antaḥpurāt) - from the royal private chambers (from the inner apartment, from the harem)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (inner chamber) (from that, therefore)

• स्वं (svaṁ) - his own (people) (his own, one's own, wealth)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• सुहृत्-जनम् (suhṛt-janam) - his assembled friends and relatives (friends, kin, friendly people)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - referring to Rama (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama, son of Daśaratha (Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king), pleasing, beautiful, black

Root: ram (class 1)

पितरं (pitaraṁ) - King Daśaratha (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root `kṛ` with suffix `tvā`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कैकेयीं (kaikeyīṁ) - Queen Kaikeyi (Kaikeyi)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyi (name of a queen)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - performing the ritual of circumambulation (circumambulation (clockwise), auspicious right-hand turn)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - circumambulation from left to right, auspicious, southerly

Prefix: pra

Root: dakṣ

Note: Used adverbially with `kṛtvā`.

निष्क्रम्य (niṣkramya) - having exited, having gone out

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root `kram` with prefix `nis` and suffix `ya`.

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

अन्तःपुरात् (antaḥpurāt) - from the royal private chambers (from the inner apartment, from the harem)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of antaḥpura

antaḥpura - inner apartment, harem, royal women's quarters

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antar+pura)

• antar – inner, inside, within
  indeclinable
  prefix
• pura – city, house, palace
  noun (neuter)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (inner chamber) (from that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Adjective to `antaḥpurāt`.

स्वं (svaṁ) - his own (people) (his own, one's own, wealth)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sva

sva - self, own, property, kinsmen

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of dṛś

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated past tense (perfect)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सुहृत्-जनम् (suhṛt-janam) - his assembled friends and relatives (friends, kin, friendly people)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suhṛjjana

suhṛjjana - friends, friendly people, kinsfolk

Compound of `suhṛd` (friend) and `jana` (person/people)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suhṛd+jana)

• suhṛd – friend, well-wisher, good-hearted
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'su' (good) and 'hṛd' (heart)
  Prefix: su
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)