वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-16, verse-52

भरतः पालयेद् राज्यं शुश्रूषेच्च पितुर्यथा ।
तथा भवत्या कर्तव्यं स हि धर्मः सनातनः ॥५२॥

52. bharataḥ pālayed rājyaṃ śuśrūṣecca pituryathā ,
tathā bhavatyā kartavyaṃ sa hi dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ.

52. bharataḥ pālayet rājyam śuśrūṣeta ca pituḥ yathā
tathā bhavatyā kartavyam saḥ hi dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ

52. bharataḥ rājyam pālayet ca yathā pituḥ śuśrūṣeta
tathā bhavatyā kartavyam hi saḥ sanātanaḥ dharmaḥ

52. Bharata should rule the kingdom and serve his father as is proper. In the same way, you too must fulfill your duty; for that, indeed, is the eternal (sanātana) natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

• पालयेत् (pālayet) - he should protect, he should rule

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• शुश्रूषेत (śuśrūṣeta) - he should serve, he should attend to

• च (ca) - and

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• तथा (tathā) - so, in that manner

• भवत्या (bhavatyā) - by you (honorific feminine)

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - should be done, ought to be done, duty

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, ancient, perpetual

Words meanings and morphology

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name, brother of Rāma)

पालयेत् (pālayet) - he should protect, he should rule

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √pāl

Root: pāl (class 10)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, empire, sovereignty, reign

शुश्रूषेत (śuśrūṣeta) - he should serve, he should attend to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of śuśrūṣ

Desiderative

Desiderative stem of root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

भवत्या (bhavatyā) - by you (honorific feminine)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhavatī

bhavatī - your worship, madam, lady (honorific form of 'you' for feminine)

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - should be done, ought to be done, duty

(participle)

neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, proper to be done, duty

Gerundive

Gerundive suffix -tavya added to root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, ancient, perpetual

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, primeval

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