वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-16, verse-43

धिक्कष्टमिति निःश्वस्य राजा शोकपरिप्लुतः ।
मूर्छितो न्यपतत्तस्मिन्पर्यङ्के हेमभूषिते ॥४३॥

43. dhikkaṣṭamiti niḥśvasya rājā śokapariplutaḥ ,
mūrchito nyapatattasminparyaṅke hemabhūṣite.

43. dhik kaṣṭam iti niḥśvasya rājā śokapariplutaḥ
mūrcchitaḥ nyapatat tasmin paryaṅke hemabhūṣite

43. rājā dhik kaṣṭam iti niḥśvasya śokapariplutaḥ
mūrcchitaḥ tasmin hemabhūṣite paryaṅke nyapatat

43. "Alas, what a misery!" thus sighing, the king, overwhelmed by sorrow, fainted and fell onto that gold-adorned couch.

Words meanings summery:

• धिक् (dhik) - alas, fie, shame on

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - misery, distress, difficulty

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• निःश्वस्य (niḥśvasya) - having sighed, having exhaled

• राजा (rājā) - Dasharatha, Rāma's father. (king)

• शोकपरिप्लुतः (śokapariplutaḥ) - overwhelmed by sorrow, immersed in grief

• मूर्च्छितः (mūrcchitaḥ) - fainted, unconscious, swooned

• न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell down, sank

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - on that

• पर्यङ्के (paryaṅke) - on the couch, on the bed

• हेमभूषिते (hemabhūṣite) - adorned with gold, decorated with gold

Words meanings and morphology

धिक् (dhik) - alas, fie, shame on

(indeclinable)

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - misery, distress, difficulty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - misery, distress, difficulty, pain

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

निःश्वस्य (niḥśvasya) - having sighed, having exhaled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'śvas' (to breathe) with prefix 'nis-' (out) + -ya (absolutive suffix).

Prefix: nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - Dasharatha, Rāma's father. (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

शोकपरिप्लुतः (śokapariplutaḥ) - overwhelmed by sorrow, immersed in grief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokaparipluta

śokaparipluta - overwhelmed by sorrow, immersed in grief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+paripluta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, anguish
  noun (masculine)
• paripluta – overwhelmed, immersed, submerged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'plu' (to float, to swim) with prefix 'pari-' (around, fully).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

मूर्च्छितः (mūrcchitaḥ) - fainted, unconscious, swooned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūrcchita

mūrcchita - fainted, unconscious, swooned, stiff, rigid

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mūrcch' (to faint, to be stiff) + kta (past participle suffix).

Root: mūrcch (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell down, sank

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Tense

From root 'pat' (to fall) with prefix 'ni-' (down) + a (augment) + t (3rd sg active ending).

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - on that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'paryaṅke'.

पर्यङ्के (paryaṅke) - on the couch, on the bed

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paryaṅka

paryaṅka - couch, bed, divan

हेमभूषिते (hemabhūṣite) - adorned with gold, decorated with gold

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hemabhūṣita

hemabhūṣita - adorned with gold, decorated with gold

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hema+bhūṣita)

• hema – gold
  noun (neuter)
• bhūṣita – adorned, decorated, ornamented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'bhūṣ' (to adorn) + kta (past participle suffix).
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'paryaṅke'.