वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-16, verse-14

अतोषयन्महाराजमकुर्वन् वा पितुर्वचः ।
मुहूर्तमपि नेच्छेयं जीवितुं कुपिते नृपे ॥१४॥

14. atoṣayanmahārājamakurvan vā piturvacaḥ ,
muhūrtamapi neccheyaṃ jīvituṃ kupite nṛpe.

14. atoṣayan mahārājam akurvan vā pituḥ vacaḥ
muhūrtam api na iccheyam jīvitum kupite nṛpe

14. aham mahārājam atoṣayan vā pituḥ vacaḥ akurvan
nṛpe kupite muhūrtam api jīvitum na iccheyam

14. I would not wish to live even for a moment if I were to displease the great king or fail to obey my father's word, especially with the king being angry.

Words meanings summery:

• अतोषयन् (atoṣayan) - not pleasing, displeasing

• महाराजम् (mahārājam) - the great king, the emperor

• अकुर्वन् (akurvan) - not doing, not performing, neglecting

• वा (vā) - or, either, also

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - moment, short time

• अपि (api) - emphasizes 'muhūrtam' meaning 'even for a moment' (even, also, too)

• न (na) - not, no

• इच्छेयम् (iccheyam) - I would wish, I would desire

• जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live, to exist

• कुपिते (kupite) - angry, enraged, provoked

• नृपे (nṛpe) - in the king, when the king

Words meanings and morphology

अतोषयन् (atoṣayan) - not pleasing, displeasing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atoṣayat

atoṣayat - not pleasing, causing not to be pleased

Present Active Participle

Derived from causative of √tuṣ (to be pleased) with negative prefix 'a-'. Forms atoṣayat, declined here in nominative singular masculine.

Prefix: a

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

महाराजम् (mahārājam) - the great king, the emperor

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of mahā (great) and rāja (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

अकुर्वन् (akurvan) - not doing, not performing, neglecting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akurvat

akurvat - not doing, not performing

Present Active Participle

Derived from √kṛ (to do) with negative prefix 'a-'. Forms akurvat, declined here in nominative singular masculine.

Prefix: a

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वा (vā) - or, either, also

(indeclinable)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, male ancestor, progenitor

R-stem noun.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, command, saying

Derived from √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - moment, short time

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - moment, short time (a specific unit of time, approx. 48 minutes)

अपि (api) - emphasizes 'muhūrtam' meaning 'even for a moment' (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

इच्छेयम् (iccheyam) - I would wish, I would desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (Liṅ) of iṣ

Optative mood, 1st person singular.

From √iṣ, 4th class, parasmaipada.

Root: iṣ (class 4)

जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live, to exist

(infinitive)

कुपिते (kupite) - angry, enraged, provoked

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - angry, enraged, provoked

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √kup (to be angry).

Root: kup (class 4)

नृपे (nṛpe) - in the king, when the king

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (literally 'protector of men')

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.