वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-16, verse-42

यावत्त्वं न वनं यातः पुरादस्मादभित्वरन् ।
पिता तावन्न ते राम स्नास्यते भोक्ष्यते ऽपि वा ॥४२॥

42. yāvattvaṃ na vanaṃ yātaḥ purādasmādabhitvaran ,
pitā tāvanna te rāma snāsyate bhokṣyate'pi vā.

42. yāvat tvam na vanam yātaḥ purāt asmāt abhitvaran
pitā tāvat na te rāma snāsyate bhokṣyate api vā

42. rāma yāvat tvam asmāt purāt abhitvaran vanam na
yātaḥ tāvat te pitā na snāsyate api vā bhokṣyate

42. O Rāma, as long as you do not depart quickly for the forest from this city, your father will neither bathe nor eat.

Words meanings summery:

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, until

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• न (na) - not, no

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• यातः (yātaḥ) - gone, departed, arrived

• पुरात् (purāt) - from the city, from the town

• अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this

• अभित्वरन् (abhitvaran) - hurrying, hastening, rushing

• पिता (pitā) - Rāma's father, Dasharatha. (father)

• तावत् (tāvat) - so long, then, at that time

• न (na) - not, no

• ते (te) - your, to you

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• स्नास्यते (snāsyate) - will bathe

• भोक्ष्यते (bhokṣyate) - will eat, will enjoy

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• वा (vā) - or

Words meanings and morphology

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, until

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, collection of trees

Note: Object of 'yātaḥ' (gone to).

यातः (yātaḥ) - gone, departed, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yā' (to go) + kta (past participle suffix).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the subject 'tvam'.

पुरात् (purāt) - from the city, from the town

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

Note: Indicates separation or origin.

अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'purāt'.

अभित्वरन् (abhitvaran) - hurrying, hastening, rushing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhitvarant

abhitvarant - hurrying, hastening, rushing

Present Active Participle

From root 'tvar' (to hurry) with upasarga 'abhi-'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: tvar (class 1)

पिता (pitā) - Rāma's father, Dasharatha. (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

तावत् (tāvat) - so long, then, at that time

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun referring to Rāma's father.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero), pleasing, charming

Note: Direct address.

स्नास्यते (snāsyate) - will bathe

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of snā

Future Tense

From root 'snā' (to bathe) + syā (future stem suffix) + te (3rd sg middle ending).

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the father.

भोक्ष्यते (bhokṣyate) - will eat, will enjoy

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of bhuj

Future Tense

From root 'bhuj' (to eat) + sya (future stem suffix) + te (3rd sg middle ending). Root undergoes internal change (guṇa/vṛddhi) for future stem.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the father.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)