वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-16, verse-44

रामो ऽप्युत्थाप्य राजानं कैकेय्याभिप्रचोदितः ।
कशयेवाहतो वाजी वनं गन्तुं कृतत्वरः ॥४४॥

44. rāmo'pyutthāpya rājānaṃ kaikeyyābhipracoditaḥ ,
kaśayevāhato vājī vanaṃ gantuṃ kṛtatvaraḥ.

44. rāmaḥ api utthāpya rājānam kaikeyīyā abhipracoditaḥ
kaśayā iva āhataḥ vājī vanam gantum kṛtatvaraḥ

44. rāmaḥ api rājānam utthāpya kaikeyīyā abhipracoditaḥ,
kaśayā āhataḥ vājī iva,
vanam gantum kṛtatvaraḥ

44. Rāma, too, having raised the king, and urged by Kaikeyī, hastened to go to the forest, like a horse struck by a whip.

Words meanings summery:

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उत्थाप्य (utthāpya) - having raised, having caused to rise

• राजानम् (rājānam) - Dasharatha. (king (accusative))

• कैकेयीया (kaikeyīyā) - by Kaikeyī

• अभिप्रचोदितः (abhipracoditaḥ) - urged, impelled, instigated

• कशया (kaśayā) - by a whip

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck, hit, wounded

• वाजी (vājī) - horse, swift one

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, in order to go

• कृतत्वरः (kṛtatvaraḥ) - having made haste, eager to go, hastening

Words meanings and morphology

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero), pleasing, charming

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उत्थाप्य (utthāpya) - having raised, having caused to rise

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From causative of root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ud-' (up) + -ya (absolutive suffix).

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

राजानम् (rājānam) - Dasharatha. (king (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Object of 'utthāpya'.

कैकेयीया (kaikeyīyā) - by Kaikeyī

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (proper name, Dasharatha's wife and Rāma's stepmother)

Note: Agent causing Rāma to be urged.

अभिप्रचोदितः (abhipracoditaḥ) - urged, impelled, instigated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhipracodita

abhipracodita - urged, impelled, instigated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'cud' (to urge) with prefixes 'abhi-' and 'pra-'.

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'rāmaḥ'.

कशया (kaśayā) - by a whip

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kaśā

kaśā - whip, lash, horsewhip

Note: Agent of 'āhataḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck, hit, wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhata

āhata - struck, hit, wounded, injured

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike) with prefix 'ā-' (towards) + kta (past participle suffix).

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vājī'.

वाजी (vājī) - horse, swift one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vājin

vājin - horse, swift one, strong, spirited

Note: The object of comparison for Rāma.

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, collection of trees

Note: Destination of 'gantum'.

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, in order to go

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root 'gam' (to go) + -tum (infinitive suffix).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose.

कृतत्वरः (kṛtatvaraḥ) - having made haste, eager to go, hastening

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtatvara

kṛtatvara - having made haste, eager to go, hastening

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+tvara)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) + kta (past participle suffix).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• tvara – haste, speed, quickness
  noun (feminine)
  Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rāmaḥ'.