मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-4, verse-31
कस्मान्मानुषतां प्राप्तो निर्गुणोऽपि जनार्दनः ।
वासुदेवोऽखिलाधारः सर्वकारणकारणम् ॥३१॥
वासुदेवोऽखिलाधारः सर्वकारणकारणम् ॥३१॥
31. kasmānmānuṣatāṃ prāpto nirguṇo'pi janārdanaḥ .
vāsudevo'khilādhāraḥ sarvakāraṇakāraṇam.
vāsudevo'khilādhāraḥ sarvakāraṇakāraṇam.
31.
kasmāt mānuṣatām prāptaḥ nirguṇaḥ api janārdanaḥ
| vāsudevaḥ akhilādhāraḥ sarvakāraṇakāraṇam
| vāsudevaḥ akhilādhāraḥ sarvakāraṇakāraṇam
31.
Why did Janārdana, who is without attributes (nirguṇa) and is Vāsudeva, the support of all and the cause of all causes, assume a human form?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what
- मानुषताम् (mānuṣatām) - humanity, human state, quality of being human
- प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained
- निर्गुणः (nirguṇaḥ) - without attributes, devoid of qualities
- अपि (api) - also, even, although
- जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janārdana (a name of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)
- वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
- अखिलाधारः (akhilādhāraḥ) - support of all, substratum of all
- सर्वकारणकारणम् (sarvakāraṇakāraṇam) - the cause of all causes
Words meanings and morphology
कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what
(pronoun)
Ablative, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which
Note: Also used as an interrogative adverb meaning 'why, wherefore'.
मानुषताम् (mānuṣatām) - humanity, human state, quality of being human
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of mānuṣatā
mānuṣatā - humanity, state of being human
प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta
prāpta - obtained, gained, acquired, reached
Past Passive Participle
Derived from pra + āp (to obtain)
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
निर्गुणः (nirguṇaḥ) - without attributes, devoid of qualities
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nirguṇa
nirguṇa - devoid of qualities or attributes, without excellences
Note: Used as an epithet for the supreme brahman.
अपि (api) - also, even, although
(indeclinable)
जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janārdana (a name of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana
janārdana - agitator of men, subduer of evil men, a name of Viṣṇu or Kṛṣṇa
वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva
vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, Kṛṣṇa
अखिलाधारः (akhilādhāraḥ) - support of all, substratum of all
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of akhilādhāra
akhilādhāra - support of all, substratum of the whole
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (akhila+ādhāra)
- akhila – entire, whole, complete, all
adjective (masculine) - ādhāra – support, basis, receptacle, substratum
noun (masculine)
Derived from ā + dhṛ (to hold)
Prefix: ā
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
सर्वकारणकारणम् (sarvakāraṇakāraṇam) - the cause of all causes
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sarvakāraṇakāraṇa
sarvakāraṇakāraṇa - the cause of all causes
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sarvakāraṇa+kāraṇa)
- sarvakāraṇa – all causes, cause of everything
noun (neuter) - kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
noun (neuter)
Derived from √kṛ 'to do' + ana
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Also accusative singular neuter.