मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-4, verse-16
अथोचुः खगमाः सर्वे व्यासशिष्यं तपोनिधिम् ।
सुखोपविष्टं विश्रान्तं पक्षानिलहतक्लमम् ॥१६॥
सुखोपविष्टं विश्रान्तं पक्षानिलहतक्लमम् ॥१६॥
16. athocuḥ khagamāḥ sarve vyāsaśiṣyaṃ taponidhim .
sukhopaviṣṭaṃ viśrāntaṃ pakṣānilahataklamam.
sukhopaviṣṭaṃ viśrāntaṃ pakṣānilahataklamam.
16.
atha ūcuḥ khagamāḥ sarve vyāsasiṣyam tapo-nidhim
sukha-upaviṣṭam viśrāntam pakṣa-anila-hata-klamam
sukha-upaviṣṭam viśrāntam pakṣa-anila-hata-klamam
16.
Then all the birds spoke to the disciple of Vyasa, who was a treasure of asceticism (tapas), who was comfortably seated, rested, and whose fatigue had been dispelled by the wind from their wings.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover
- ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke
- खगमाः (khagamāḥ) - birds (literally 'sky-goers')
- सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone
- व्याससिष्यम् (vyāsasiṣyam) - Jaimini, who is the disciple of Vyasa (disciple of Vyasa)
- तपो-निधिम् (tapo-nidhim) - Jaimini, who is a treasure of asceticism (treasure of asceticism, repository of austerity)
- सुख-उपविष्टम् (sukha-upaviṣṭam) - Jaimini, who was seated comfortably (comfortably seated)
- विश्रान्तम् (viśrāntam) - Jaimini, who was rested (rested, refreshed)
- पक्ष-अनिल-हत-क्लमम् (pakṣa-anila-hata-klamam) - Jaimini, whose fatigue was removed by the wind generated by the birds' wings (whose fatigue was removed by the wind from the wings)
Words meanings and morphology
अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover
(indeclinable)
ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect Active
Perfect indicative, 3rd person plural, active voice, parasmaipada. Root 'vac' (class 2)
Root: vac (class 2)
खगमाः (khagamāḥ) - birds (literally 'sky-goers')
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of khagama
khagama - bird, sky-goer
From 'kha' (sky) and 'gama' (goer)
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'.
सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every
व्याससिष्यम् (vyāsasiṣyam) - Jaimini, who is the disciple of Vyasa (disciple of Vyasa)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vyāsaśiṣya
vyāsaśiṣya - disciple of Vyasa
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vyāsa+śiṣya)
- vyāsa – Vyasa (name of a sage)
proper noun (masculine) - śiṣya – disciple, student
noun (masculine)
Gerundive (from śās)
Derived from root 'śās' (to teach/discipline) with 'ya' suffix. Denotes one who is to be taught/disciplined. Here used as a noun.
Root: śās (class 2)
Note: Object of 'ūcuḥ'. Refers to Jaimini.
तपो-निधिम् (tapo-nidhim) - Jaimini, who is a treasure of asceticism (treasure of asceticism, repository of austerity)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of taponidhi
taponidhi - treasure of austerity, repository of asceticism
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tapas+nidhi)
- tapas – asceticism, austerity, heat
noun (neuter)
Here used as the first member of a compound, 'tapas' becomes 'tapo'.
Root: tap (class 1) - nidhi – treasure, store, repository
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ni
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Adjective-like epithet for Jaimini.
सुख-उपविष्टम् (sukha-upaviṣṭam) - Jaimini, who was seated comfortably (comfortably seated)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sukhopaviṣṭa
sukhopaviṣṭa - comfortably seated
Past Passive Participle
'upaviṣṭa' is PPP of 'viś' with 'upa'. 'sukha' acts as an adverb modifying 'upaviṣṭa'
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+upaviṣṭa)
- sukha – comfort, ease, happiness
noun (neuter)
Here used adverbially in the compound. - upaviṣṭa – seated, sat down
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
PPP of root 'viś' (to enter) with prefix 'upa' (near). Means 'having sat near/down' or simply 'seated'.
Prefix: upa
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Adjective-like epithet for Jaimini.
विश्रान्तम् (viśrāntam) - Jaimini, who was rested (rested, refreshed)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of viśrānta
viśrānta - rested, refreshed
Past Passive Participle
PPP of root 'śram' (to be weary) with prefix 'vi', meaning 'having rested' or 'rested'
Prefix: vi
Root: śram (class 4)
Note: Adjective-like epithet for Jaimini.
पक्ष-अनिल-हत-क्लमम् (pakṣa-anila-hata-klamam) - Jaimini, whose fatigue was removed by the wind generated by the birds' wings (whose fatigue was removed by the wind from the wings)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pakṣānilahataklama
pakṣānilahataklama - whose fatigue was removed by the wind of wings
Bahuvrihi compound: 'klamam' (fatigue) is 'hata' (removed) by 'pakṣānila' (wind of wings).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (pakṣa+anila+hata+klama)
- pakṣa – wing, side
noun (masculine) - anila – wind, air
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2) - hata – struck, killed, removed, dispelled
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
PPP of root 'han' (to strike, kill, remove)
Root: han (class 2) - klama – fatigue, weariness
noun (masculine)
Root: klam (class 1)
Note: Adjective-like epithet for Jaimini.