मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-18, verse-5
दत्त्वान्यद्भूभुजे दद्युर्यदि भागं ततोऽधिकम् ।
पण्यादीनामशेषाणां वणिजो गृह्णतस्ततः ॥५॥
पण्यादीनामशेषाणां वणिजो गृह्णतस्ततः ॥५॥
5. dattvānyadbhūbhuje dadyuryadi bhāgaṃ tato'dhikam .
paṇyādīnāmaśeṣāṇāṃ vaṇijo gṛhṇatastataḥ.
paṇyādīnāmaśeṣāṇāṃ vaṇijo gṛhṇatastataḥ.
5.
dattvā anyat bhūbhuje dadyuḥ yadi bhāgam tataḥ
adhikam paṇyādīnām aśeṣāṇām vaṇijaḥ gṛhṇataḥ tataḥ
adhikam paṇyādīnām aśeṣāṇām vaṇijaḥ gṛhṇataḥ tataḥ
5.
If, having already paid other taxes, people (including merchants) give to the king a share from all their merchandise and other goods that is more than the prescribed amount (for the king to take), then...
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (taxes/dues) (having given, having offered)
- अन्यत् (anyat) - other (taxes/dues/items) (other, another, different)
- भूभुजे (bhūbhuje) - to the king (to the king, to the ruler (lit. earth-enjoyer))
- दद्युः (dadyuḥ) - they are forced to give (they should give, they would give)
- यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)
- भागम् (bhāgam) - a tax share (a share, a portion, a part)
- ततः (tataḥ) - than that (prescribed amount) (than that, from that, thence, then, therefore)
- अधिकम् (adhikam) - an amount greater than the prescribed one (more, excessive, greater, additional)
- पण्यादीनाम् (paṇyādīnām) - of all their merchandise and other goods (of merchandise, of saleable articles, etc.)
- अशेषाणाम् (aśeṣāṇām) - of all kinds of (merchandise) (of all, of entire, of complete)
- वणिजः (vaṇijaḥ) - merchants, traders
- गृह्णतः (gṛhṇataḥ) - (from/of the people) who take/acquire (goods) for trade, or who are collecting (the tax) (of one taking, from one taking, while taking)
- ततः (tataḥ) - (from the situation) then; or (referring to the king's action) from him/it (thence, from that, then, therefore)
Words meanings and morphology
दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (taxes/dues) (having given, having offered)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Formed with suffix -tvā
Root: dā (class 3)
अन्यत् (anyat) - other (taxes/dues/items) (other, another, different)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Can also be nominative singular neuter. Context here suggests object of dattvā.
भूभुजे (bhūbhuje) - to the king (to the king, to the ruler (lit. earth-enjoyer))
(noun)
Dative, masculine, singular of bhūbhuj
bhūbhuj - king, ruler, earth-enjoyer
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+bhuj)
- bhū – earth, land
noun (feminine) - bhuj – enjoyer, protector
noun (masculine)
Agent noun
From root bhuj (to enjoy, protect)
Root: bhuj (class 7)
दद्युः (dadyuḥ) - they are forced to give (they should give, they would give)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of dā
Optative Active
3rd person plural, parasmaipada
Root: dā (class 3)
यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)
(indeclinable)
भागम् (bhāgam) - a tax share (a share, a portion, a part)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāga
bhāga - part, share, portion, division
Root: bhaj (class 1)
ततः (tataḥ) - than that (prescribed amount) (than that, from that, thence, then, therefore)
(indeclinable)
Ablative suffix -tas from tad.
अधिकम् (adhikam) - an amount greater than the prescribed one (more, excessive, greater, additional)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of adhika
adhika - greater, superior, excessive, additional
Prefix: adhi
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Agrees with bhāgam.
पण्यादीनाम् (paṇyādīnām) - of all their merchandise and other goods (of merchandise, of saleable articles, etc.)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of paṇyādi
paṇyādi - merchandise and so on, beginning with saleable articles
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paṇya+ādi)
- paṇya – merchandise, commodity, saleable article
noun (neuter)
Gerundive/Passive Participle
From root paṇ (to barter, praise)
Root: paṇ (class 1) - ādi – beginning, start, and so on, etc.
noun (masculine)
अशेषाणाम् (aśeṣāṇām) - of all kinds of (merchandise) (of all, of entire, of complete)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of aśeṣa
aśeṣa - all, entire, complete, without residue
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śeṣa)
- a – not, non-
prefix - śeṣa – remainder, residue, balance
noun (masculine)
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
Note: Agrees with paṇyādīnām.
वणिजः (vaṇijaḥ) - merchants, traders
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vaṇij
vaṇij - merchant, trader
Note: Implied subject for the act of giving.
गृह्णतः (gṛhṇataḥ) - (from/of the people) who take/acquire (goods) for trade, or who are collecting (the tax) (of one taking, from one taking, while taking)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of gṛhṇat
gṛhṇat - taking, seizing, receiving, acquiring
Present Active Participle
From root grah (to take, seize), 9th class, present stem gṛhṇā.
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Refers to the people/merchants acquiring goods or to the king taking the excess share.
ततः (tataḥ) - (from the situation) then; or (referring to the king's action) from him/it (thence, from that, then, therefore)
(indeclinable)
Ablative suffix -tas from tad.
Note: Often implies "then" for consequence.