मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-18, verse-15
अर्जुन उवाच ।
कथमाराधितो देवैर्दत्तात्रेयः प्रतापवान् ।
कथञ्चापहृतं दैत्यैरिन्द्रत्वं प्राप वासवः ॥१५॥
कथमाराधितो देवैर्दत्तात्रेयः प्रतापवान् ।
कथञ्चापहृतं दैत्यैरिन्द्रत्वं प्राप वासवः ॥१५॥
15. arjuna uvāca .
kathamārādhito devairdattātreyaḥ pratāpavān .
kathañcāpahṛtaṃ daityairindratvaṃ prāpa vāsavaḥ.
kathamārādhito devairdattātreyaḥ pratāpavān .
kathañcāpahṛtaṃ daityairindratvaṃ prāpa vāsavaḥ.
15.
arjuna uvāca katham ārādhitaḥ devaiḥ dattātreyaḥ pratāpavān
katham ca apahṛtam daityaiḥ indratvam prāpa vāsavaḥ
katham ca apahṛtam daityaiḥ indratvam prāpa vāsavaḥ
15.
Arjuna said: 'How was the mighty Dattatreya worshipped by the gods? And how did Indra (Vāsava) regain his position as Indra, which had been stolen by the demons?'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अर्जुन (arjuna) - The speaker of the verse. (Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince))
- उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke
- कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why
- आराधितः (ārādhitaḥ) - worshipped, propitiated
- देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, by deities
- दत्तात्रेयः (dattātreyaḥ) - Dattatreya
- प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, mighty
- कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why
- च (ca) - and, also
- अपहृतम् (apahṛtam) - stolen, carried away, taken away
- दैत्यैः (daityaiḥ) - by the demons, by the sons of Diti
- इन्द्रत्वम् (indratvam) - the state/dignity of Indra, Indra's sovereignty
- प्राप (prāpa) - he obtained, reached, gained
- वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Refers to the deity Indra. (Indra, chief of the Vasus)
Words meanings and morphology
अर्जुन (arjuna) - The speaker of the verse. (Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna
arjuna - white, clear, bright; a proper name (Arjuna)
Root: ṛj (class 1)
उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Reduplicated root, irregular perfect form.
Root: vac (class 2)
कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why
(indeclinable)
Interrogative adverb.
आराधितः (ārādhitaḥ) - worshipped, propitiated
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ārādhita
ārādhita - worshipped, propitiated, pleased
Past Passive Participle
From ā + √rādh (to succeed, worship).
Prefix: ā
Root: rādh (class 5)
देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, by deities
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, deity, divine being
Root: div (class 4)
Note: Agent of ārādhitaḥ.
दत्तात्रेयः (dattātreyaḥ) - Dattatreya
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dattātreya
dattātreya - A proper name; a celebrated sage, son of Atri and Anasūyā, and an incarnation of Viṣṇu.
Note: Subject of the question.
प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, mighty
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat
pratāpavat - powerful, glorious, mighty, having splendor
From pratāpa (power, glory) with suffix -vat.
Root: tap (class 1)
Note: Qualifies Dattatreya.
कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why
(indeclinable)
Interrogative adverb.
Note: Repeats as an interrogative.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects two questions.
अपहृतम् (apahṛtam) - stolen, carried away, taken away
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of apahṛta
apahṛta - carried off, taken away, stolen, removed
Past Passive Participle
From apa + root hṛ (to seize, carry, steal).
Prefix: apa
Root: hṛ (class 1)
दैत्यैः (daityaiḥ) - by the demons, by the sons of Diti
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of daitya
daitya - a demon, a son of Diti (antagonistic to gods)
From Diti (mother of demons) with Taddhita suffix.
Note: Agent of apahṛtam.
इन्द्रत्वम् (indratvam) - the state/dignity of Indra, Indra's sovereignty
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of indratva
indratva - the state or dignity of Indra, Indra's sovereignty
From indra with the abstract suffix -tva.
Note: Object of prāpa.
प्राप (prāpa) - he obtained, reached, gained
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prāp
From pra + root āp (to obtain).
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Refers to the deity Indra. (Indra, chief of the Vasus)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsava
vāsava - Indra (as chief of the Vasus), relating to Vasu
From vasu (a class of deities) with suffix -a.
Root: vas (class 1)
Note: Subject of the second question.