महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-19, verse-57

जघानात्र पिता पुत्रं पुत्रश्च पितरं तथा ।
इत्यासीत्तुमुलं युद्धं न प्रज्ञायत किंचन ॥५७॥

57. jaghānātra pitā putraṁ putraśca pitaraṁ tathā ,
ityāsīttumulaṁ yuddhaṁ na prajñāyata kiṁcana.

57. jaghāna atra pitā putraṃ putraḥ ca pitaraṃ tathā
iti āsīt tumulaṃ yuddhaṃ na pra-jñāyata kiṃ-cana

57. atra pitā putraṃ jaghāna tathā ca putraḥ pitaraṃ
iti tumulaṃ yuddhaṃ āsīt kiṃ-cana na pra-jñāyata

57. In this [battle], a father killed his son, and similarly, a son killed his father. Such was the tumultuous (yuddha) battle that nothing at all could be discerned.

Words meanings summery:

• जघान (jaghāna) - killed, slew

• अत्र (atra) - in this [battle] (here, in this place, in this matter)

• पिता (pitā) - father

• पुत्रं (putraṁ) - son

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• च (ca) - and, also

• पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

• इति (iti) - such was (the battle) (thus, so, in this way (introduces direct speech or indicates conclusion))

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• तुमुलं (tumulaṁ) - tumultuous, fierce, noisy

• युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight

• न (na) - not, no

• प्र-ज्ञायत (pra-jñāyata) - was discerned, was recognized, was known

• किं-चन (kiṁ-cana) - anything at all (anything, something, whatever)

Words meanings and morphology

जघान (jaghāna) - killed, slew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of han

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: han (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - in this [battle] (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

पुत्रं (putraṁ) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - such was (the battle) (thus, so, in this way (introduces direct speech or indicates conclusion))

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

तुमुलं (tumulaṁ) - tumultuous, fierce, noisy

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, violent, great

Note: Agrees with 'yuddhaṃ'

युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्र-ज्ञायत (pra-jñāyata) - was discerned, was recognized, was known

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of prajñāyata

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice, with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

किं-चन (kiṁ-cana) - anything at all (anything, something, whatever)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+cana)

• kim – what? which? who? (interrogative pronoun/particle)
  pronoun (neuter)
• cana – even, also, and, at all (particle used to form indefinite pronouns/adverbs)
  indeclinable