महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-19, verse-56

रथाश्च रथिभिर्हीना निर्मनुष्याश्च वाजिनः ।
हतारोहाश्च मातङ्गा दिशो जग्मुः शरातुराः ॥५६॥

56. rathāśca rathibhirhīnā nirmanuṣyāśca vājinaḥ ,
hatārohāśca mātaṅgā diśo jagmuḥ śarāturāḥ.

56. rathāḥ ca rathibhiḥ hīnāḥ nir-manuṣyāḥ ca vājinaḥ
hata-ārohāḥ ca mātaṅgāḥ diśaḥ jagmuḥ śara-āturāḥ

56. rathibhiḥ hīnāḥ rathāḥ ca nir-manuṣyāḥ vājinaḥ ca
hata-ārohāḥ mātaṅgāḥ ca śara-āturāḥ diśaḥ jagmuḥ

56. Chariots, abandoned by their charioteers, and horses, riderless; and elephants, their riders slain, distressed by arrows, fled in all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots

• च (ca) - and, also

• रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - by charioteers

• हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - abandoned, devoid of, left

• निर्-मनुष्याः (nir-manuṣyāḥ) - without men, riderless

• च (ca) - and, also

• वाजिनः (vājinaḥ) - horses

• हत-आरोहाः (hata-ārohāḥ) - having their riders killed, whose riders are slain

• च (ca) - and, also

• मातङ्गाः (mātaṅgāḥ) - elephants

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - went, departed

• शर-आतुराः (śara-āturāḥ) - distressed by arrows, pained by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - by charioteers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - abandoned, devoid of, left

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hīna

hīna - left, abandoned, deficient, deprived of

Past Passive Participle

root 'hā' (to leave, abandon)

Root: hā (class 3)

निर्-मनुष्याः (nir-manuṣyāḥ) - without men, riderless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirmanuṣya

nirmanuṣya - without men, uninhabited

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+manuṣya)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• manuṣya – man, human being
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वाजिनः (vājinaḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vājin

vājin - horse, swift, powerful

हत-आरोहाः (hata-ārohāḥ) - having their riders killed, whose riders are slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hatāroha

hatāroha - having its rider killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+āroha)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root 'han' (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• āroha – rider, ascent, mounting
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मातङ्गाः (mātaṅgāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mātaṅga

mātaṅga - elephant, a man of low caste

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - went, departed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Root: gam (class 1)

शर-आतुराः (śara-āturāḥ) - distressed by arrows, pained by arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śarātura

śarātura - distressed by arrows, wounded by arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ātura)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ātura – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)