महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-19, verse-49

ताडितास्ताड्यमानाश्च तोमरर्ष्टिपरश्वधैः ।
पेतुरार्तस्वरं कृत्वा तदा विशसने गजाः ॥४९॥

49. tāḍitāstāḍyamānāśca tomararṣṭiparaśvadhaiḥ ,
peturārtasvaraṁ kṛtvā tadā viśasane gajāḥ.

49. tāḍitāḥ tāḍyamānāḥ ca tomararṣṭiparaśvadhaiḥ
petuḥ ārtasvaram kṛtvā tadā viśasane gajāḥ

49. tadā gajāḥ tomararṣṭiparaśvadhaiḥ tāḍitāḥ ca
tāḍyamānāḥ ārtasvaram kṛtvā viśasane peṭuḥ

49. The elephants, whether already struck or still being struck by javelins, spears, and axes, then fell in that slaughter, uttering cries of distress.

Words meanings summery:

• ताडिताः (tāḍitāḥ) - already struck (struck, beaten)

• ताड्यमानाः (tāḍyamānāḥ) - still being struck (being struck, being beaten)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तोमरर्ष्टिपरश्वधैः (tomararṣṭiparaśvadhaiḥ) - by javelins, spears, and axes

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell (they fell, they have fallen)

• आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - cries of distress (a cry of distress, pained sound)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - uttering, making (having made, having done, making)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• विशसने (viśasane) - in that slaughter (battlefield) (in the slaughter, in the battle, in the place of sacrifice)

• गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

Words meanings and morphology

ताडिताः (tāḍitāḥ) - already struck (struck, beaten)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāḍita

tāḍita - struck, beaten, smitten

Past Passive Participle

Derived from causative of root taḍ (to strike) with suffix kta

Root: taḍ (class 1)

Note: Modifies gajāḥ

ताड्यमानाः (tāḍyamānāḥ) - still being struck (being struck, being beaten)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāḍyamāna

tāḍyamāna - being struck, being beaten

Present Passive Participle

Derived from causative of root taḍ (to strike) with suffix śānac

Root: taḍ (class 1)

Note: Modifies gajāḥ

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects tāḍitāḥ and tāḍyamānāḥ

तोमरर्ष्टिपरश्वधैः (tomararṣṭiparaśvadhaiḥ) - by javelins, spears, and axes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tomararṣṭiparaśvadha

tomararṣṭiparaśvadha - javelins, spears, and axes (as a collective)

Compound type : dvandva (tomara+ṛṣṭi+paraśvadha)

• tomara – iron club, javelin, lance
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣṭi – spear, lance
  noun (feminine)
• paraśvadha – axe, hatchet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of tāḍitāḥ and tāḍyamānāḥ

पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell (they fell, they have fallen)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada

Root pat, perfect tense 3rd person plural

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence

आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - cries of distress (a cry of distress, pained sound)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārtasvara

ārtasvara - a cry of pain, lamentation, mournful sound

Compound type : karma_dhāraya (ārta+svara)

• ārta – pained, distressed, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛ (to go, move, suffer)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• svara – sound, voice, tone
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of kṛtvā, adverbial accusative

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - uttering, making (having made, having done, making)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix ktvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Describes the action preceding petuḥ

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb

विशसने (viśasane) - in that slaughter (battlefield) (in the slaughter, in the battle, in the place of sacrifice)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of viśasana

viśasana - slaughter, massacre, dismemberment, battlefield, place of sacrifice

Prefix: vi

Root: śas (class 1)

Note: Locative of place

गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Subject of petuḥ