महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-19, verse-58

आ गुल्फेभ्योऽवसीदन्त नराः शोणितकर्दमे ।
दीप्यमानैः परिक्षिप्ता दावैरिव महाद्रुमाः ॥५८॥

58. ā gulphebhyo'vasīdanta narāḥ śoṇitakardame ,
dīpyamānaiḥ parikṣiptā dāvairiva mahādrumāḥ.

58. ā gulphebhyaḥ avasīdanta narāḥ śoṇita-kardame
dīpyamānaiḥ pari-kṣiptāḥ dāvaiḥ iva mahā-drumāḥ

58. narāḥ śoṇita-kardame ā gulphebhyaḥ avasīdanta
dīpyamānaiḥ pari-kṣiptāḥ dāvaiḥ iva mahā-drumāḥ

58. Men were sinking up to their ankles in the mud of blood, enveloped by blazing [elements], just as great trees are surrounded by forest fires (dāva).

Words meanings summery:

• आ (ā) - up to, until, towards

• गुल्फेभ्यः (gulphebhyaḥ) - up to the ankles (combined with 'ā') (from the ankles, up to the ankles)

• अवसीदन्त (avasīdanta) - sinking (into) (sinking, despondent, settling down)

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, human beings

• शोणित-कर्दमे (śoṇita-kardame) - in the mud of blood

• दीप्यमानैः (dīpyamānaiḥ) - by blazing [fires or weapons/warriors] (by blazing ones, by shining ones)

• परि-क्षिप्ताः (pari-kṣiptāḥ) - surrounded, enveloped, scattered

• दावैः (dāvaiḥ) - by forest fires, by conflagrations

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• महा-द्रुमाः (mahā-drumāḥ) - great trees

Words meanings and morphology

आ (ā) - up to, until, towards

(indeclinable)

गुल्फेभ्यः (gulphebhyaḥ) - up to the ankles (combined with 'ā') (from the ankles, up to the ankles)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of gulpha

gulpha - ankle, joint, knot

अवसीदन्त (avasīdanta) - sinking (into) (sinking, despondent, settling down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avasīdat

avasīdat - sinking, desponding, settling down

Present Active Participle

root 'sad' with prefix 'ava'

Prefix: ava

Root: sad (class 1)

नराः (narāḥ) - men, human beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

शोणित-कर्दमे (śoṇita-kardame) - in the mud of blood

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śoṇitakardama

śoṇitakardama - mud of blood

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoṇita+kardama)

• śoṇita – blood, red
  noun (neuter)
• kardama – mud, mire, dirt
  noun (masculine)

दीप्यमानैः (dīpyamānaiḥ) - by blazing [fires or weapons/warriors] (by blazing ones, by shining ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dīpyamāna

dīpyamāna - shining, blazing, illustrious

Present Passive Participle

root 'dīp' (to shine, blaze)

Root: dīp (class 4)

परि-क्षिप्ताः (pari-kṣiptāḥ) - surrounded, enveloped, scattered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parikṣipta

parikṣipta - surrounded, encompassed, thrown around

Past Passive Participle

root 'kṣip' with prefix 'pari'

Prefix: pari

Root: kṣip (class 6)

दावैः (dāvaiḥ) - by forest fires, by conflagrations

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dāva

dāva - forest fire, conflagration

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

महा-द्रुमाः (mahā-drumāḥ) - great trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahādruma

mahādruma - great tree, large tree

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+druma)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)