महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-19, verse-12

पुच्छे वैकर्तनः कर्णः सपुत्रज्ञातिबान्धवः ।
महत्या सेनया तस्थौ नानाध्वजसमुत्थया ॥१२॥

12. pucche vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ saputrajñātibāndhavaḥ ,
mahatyā senayā tasthau nānādhvajasamutthayā.

12. pucchhe vaikarṭanaḥ karṇaḥ saputrajñātibāndhavaḥ
mahatyā senayā tasthau nānādhvajasamutthayā

12. vaikarṭanaḥ karṇaḥ saputrajñātibāndhavaḥ mahatyā
nānādhvajasamutthayā senayā pucchhe tasthau

12. At the rear, Karna, the son of Vikartana, took his stand with his sons, relatives, and kinsmen, accompanied by a great army displaying various raised banners.

Words meanings summery:

• पुच्छ्हे (pucchhe) - at the rear of the military array (at the tail, in the rear part)

• वैकर्टनः (vaikarṭanaḥ) - Karna, son of Surya (son of Vikartana (an epithet of Surya), referring to Karna)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (proper name)

• सपुत्रज्ञातिबान्धवः (saputrajñātibāndhavaḥ) - along with his sons, relatives, and kinsmen

• महत्या (mahatyā) - with a great, by a large

• सेनया (senayā) - by/with an army

• तस्थौ (tasthau) - stood, took his position, remained

• नानाध्वजसमुत्थया (nānādhvajasamutthayā) - with various banners raised/displayed

Words meanings and morphology

पुच्छ्हे (pucchhe) - at the rear of the military array (at the tail, in the rear part)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of puccha

puccha - tail, rear part, end

वैकर्टनः (vaikarṭanaḥ) - Karna, son of Surya (son of Vikartana (an epithet of Surya), referring to Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikarṭana

vaikarṭana - descendant of Vikartana; an epithet of Karna (son of the sun-god Surya, also known as Vikartana)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (a prominent warrior in the Mahabharata, son of Surya and Kunti)

सपुत्रज्ञातिबान्धवः (saputrajñātibāndhavaḥ) - along with his sons, relatives, and kinsmen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saputrajñātibāndhava

saputrajñātibāndhava - accompanied by sons, kinsmen, and relatives

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'putra' (son) + 'jñāti' (kinsman) + 'bāndhava' (relative)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+putra+jñāti+bāndhava)

• sa – with, along with
  indeclinable
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• jñāti – kinsman by birth, relative
  noun (masculine)
• bāndhava – kinsman, relative (by blood or affinity)
  noun (masculine)

महत्या (mahatyā) - with a great, by a large

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

सेनया (senayā) - by/with an army

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, military force

तस्थौ (tasthau) - stood, took his position, remained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

नानाध्वजसमुत्थया (nānādhvajasamutthayā) - with various banners raised/displayed

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of nānādhvajasamutthā

nānādhvajasamutthā - having various banners raised or displayed

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'nānā' (various) + 'dhvaja' (banner) + 'samutthā' (raised, feminine form)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (nānā+dhvaja+samutthā)

• nānā – various, diverse, different
  indeclinable
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)
• samutthā – raised, risen, sprung up (feminine form)
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'sam' + 'ud' + root 'sthā'
  Prefixes: sam+ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)