महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-19, verse-43

तोमराभिहताः केचिद्बाणैश्च परमद्विपाः ।
वित्रेसुः सर्वभूतानां शब्दमेवापरेऽव्रजन् ॥४३॥

43. tomarābhihatāḥ kecidbāṇaiśca paramadvipāḥ ,
vitresuḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ śabdamevāpare'vrajan.

43. tomarābhihatāḥ kecit bāṇaiḥ ca paramadvipāḥ
vitresuḥ sarvabhūtānām śabdam eva apare avrajan

43. kecit paramadvipāḥ tomarābhihatāḥ ca bāṇaiḥ
vitresuḥ apare sarvabhūtānām śabdam eva avrajan

43. Some of the excellent elephants, struck by javelins and arrows, trembled in terror. Others merely fled at the sound of all creatures.

Words meanings summery:

• तोमराभिहताः (tomarābhihatāḥ) - struck by javelins

• केचित् (kecit) - some, certain

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• च (ca) - and

• परमद्विपाः (paramadvipāḥ) - excellent elephants

• वित्रेसुः (vitresuḥ) - they trembled, they fled in terror

• सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all creatures/beings

• शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound, cry, noise

• एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, just

• अपरे (apare) - others, other ones

• अव्रजन् (avrajan) - they went, they fled

Words meanings and morphology

तोमराभिहताः (tomarābhihatāḥ) - struck by javelins

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tomarābhihata

tomarābhihata - struck by javelins

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from 'tomara' (javelin) and 'ābhihata' (struck), meaning 'struck by javelins'. 'ābhihata' is a PPP from the root han with prefixes abhi and ā.

Compound type : Instrumental Tatpurusha (tomara+ābhihata)

• tomara – javelin, spear
  noun (neuter)
• ābhihata – struck, hit, beaten
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root han (to strike, kill) with prefixes abhi and ā.
  Prefixes: abhi+ā
  Root: han (class 2)

केचित् (kecit) - some, certain

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kecit

kecit - some, certain

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

परमद्विपाः (paramadvipāḥ) - excellent elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paramadvipa

paramadvipa - excellent elephant

Compound of 'parama' (supreme, excellent) and 'dvipa' (elephant).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (parama+dvipa)

• parama – supreme, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)
• dvipa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
  Literally 'drinker twice' (referring to trunk and mouth).
  Prefix: dvi
  Root: pa

वित्रेसुः (vitresuḥ) - they trembled, they fled in terror

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of vitras

Perfect Tense

Perfect tense (Lit) 3rd person plural active of root tras with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 4)

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all creatures/beings

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'bhūta' (being, creature).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (neuter)
• bhūta – being, creature; that which has been, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound, cry, noise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise, cry

एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others, other ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, later, inferior

अव्रजन् (avrajan) - they went, they fled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of vraj

Imperfect Tense

Imperfect tense (Laṅ) 3rd person plural active of root vraj.

Root: vraj (class 1)