महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-19, verse-5

मुखमासीत्सुपर्णस्य भारद्वाजो महारथः ।
शिरो दुर्योधनो राजा सोदर्यैः सानुगैः सह ॥५॥

5. mukhamāsītsuparṇasya bhāradvājo mahārathaḥ ,
śiro duryodhano rājā sodaryaiḥ sānugaiḥ saha.

5. mukham āsīt suparṇasya bhāradvājaḥ mahārathaḥ
śiraḥ duryodhanaḥ rājā sodaryaiḥ sānugaiḥ saha

5. suparṇasya mukham mahārathaḥ bhāradvājaḥ āsīt
śiraḥ rājā duryodhanaḥ sodaryaiḥ sānugaiḥ saha

5. The mouth of the Suparṇa (eagle) formation was Bhāradvāja (Droṇa), the great charioteer. The head was King Duryodhana, along with his brothers and followers.

Words meanings summery:

• मुखम् (mukham) - the front of the formation (mouth, face, front, principal part)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• सुपर्णस्य (suparṇasya) - of the Suparṇa (formation)

• भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Droṇa, who was a descendant of Bhāradvāja (Bhāradvāja)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, great warrior

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - the head part of the formation (head, top)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• सोदर्यैः (sodaryaiḥ) - with brothers (born from the same womb)

• सानुगैः (sānugaiḥ) - with followers, accompanied by attendants

• सह (saha) - with, along with

Words meanings and morphology

मुखम् (mukham) - the front of the formation (mouth, face, front, principal part)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mukha

mukha - mouth, face, front, opening, chief part

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āsīt

Root: as (class 2)

सुपर्णस्य (suparṇasya) - of the Suparṇa (formation)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of suparṇa

suparṇa - having beautiful wings; an eagle, a mythical bird; a type of military array resembling an eagle

Note: Refers to the Suparṇa battle array mentioned in the previous verse.

भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Droṇa, who was a descendant of Bhāradvāja (Bhāradvāja)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvāja; Droṇa

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, great warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer; a great warrior capable of fighting many charioteers

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot; a charioteer (by extension)
  noun (masculine)

Note: An epithet for Droṇa.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - the head part of the formation (head, top)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top, summit

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (the eldest of the Kauravas)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

सोदर्यैः (sodaryaiḥ) - with brothers (born from the same womb)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sodarya

sodarya - born from the same womb, full brother, uterine brother

सानुगैः (sānugaiḥ) - with followers, accompanied by attendants

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sānuga

sānuga - accompanied by followers or attendants

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+anuga)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• anuga – follower, attendant, accompanying
  noun (masculine)
  from anu-√gam (to follow)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sodaryaiḥ'.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case.