महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-40

ततो दुर्योधनो राजा लोहितायति भास्करे ।
अब्रवीत्तावकान्सर्वांस्त्वरध्वमिति भारत ॥४०॥

40. tato duryodhano rājā lohitāyati bhāskare ,
abravīttāvakānsarvāṁstvaradhvamiti bhārata.

40. tataḥ duryodhanaḥ rājā lohitāyati bhāskare
abravīt tāvakān sarvān tvaradhvam iti bhārata

40. bhārata tataḥ rājā duryodhanaḥ bhāskare
lohitāyati iti sarvān tāvakān abravīt tvaradhvam

40. Then King Duryodhana, as the sun began to redden, addressed all your warriors, saying, 'Hurry!' O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, thence

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• राजा (rājā) - King Duryodhana (king)

• लोहितायति (lohitāyati) - while reddening (describes the sun) (reddening, becoming red)

• भास्करे (bhāskare) - as the sun (in the sun, on the sun, the sun)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said, he addressed

• तावकान् (tāvakān) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) warriors/soldiers (your (people), your (warriors))

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (your warriors) (all, every)

• त्वरध्वम् (tvaradhvam) - (you all) hurry! make haste!

• इति (iti) - introduces a direct quotation (thus, so)

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, thence

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Duryodhana

Duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

राजा (rājā) - King Duryodhana (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

लोहितायति (lohitāyati) - while reddening (describes the sun) (reddening, becoming red)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of lohitāya

lohitāya - to become red, to redden

Present Participle

Denominative verb from lohita (red), followed by present participle ending

Root: lohitāya

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction

भास्करे (bhāskare) - as the sun (in the sun, on the sun, the sun)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun, sun-god, maker of light

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said, he addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of bru

Imperfect past

3rd person singular, imperfect, active voice

Root: bru (class 2)

तावकान् (tāvakān) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) warriors/soldiers (your (people), your (warriors))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, thine, belonging to you

Derived from yuṣmad (you)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (your warriors) (all, every)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, entire

त्वरध्वम् (tvaradhvam) - (you all) hurry! make haste!

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of tvar

Imperative

2nd person plural, imperative, middle voice

Root: tvar (class 1)

इति (iti) - introduces a direct quotation (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior