महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-30

ते हन्यमानाः समरे तावकाः पुरुषर्षभ ।
आर्यां युद्धे मतिं कृत्वा न त्यजन्ति स्म संयुगम् ।
यथोत्साहं च समरे जघ्नुर्लोकं महारथाः ॥३०॥

30. te hanyamānāḥ samare tāvakāḥ puruṣarṣabha ,
āryāṁ yuddhe matiṁ kṛtvā na tyajanti sma saṁyugam ,
yathotsāhaṁ ca samare jaghnurlokaṁ mahārathāḥ.

30. te hanyamānāḥ samare tāvakāḥ
puruṣa-ṛṣabha āryām yuddhe matim kṛtvā na
tyajanti sma saṃyugam yathā-utsāham
ca samare jaghnuḥ lokam mahārathāḥ

30. puruṣa-ṛṣabha samare hanyamānāḥ te
tāvakāḥ yuddhe āryām matim kṛtvā
saṃyugam na tyajanti sma ca mahārathāḥ
samare yathā-utsāham lokam jaghnuḥ

30. O best of men (puruṣarṣabha), even while being killed in battle, your men, having adopted a noble (āryā) resolve for combat, did not abandon the fight. And the great charioteers in battle killed people according to their might.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those, they

• हन्यमानाः (hanyamānāḥ) - being killed, being struck

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your men, those belonging to you

• पुरुष-ऋषभ (puruṣa-ṛṣabha) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of men, O bull among men)

• आर्याम् (āryām) - noble, honorable, respectable

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in fight

• मतिम् (matim) - mind, thought, intention, resolve

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

• न (na) - not

• त्यजन्ति (tyajanti) - they abandon

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense for a present tense verb

• संयुगम् (saṁyugam) - battle, conflict, encounter

• यथा-उत्साहम् (yathā-utsāham) - according to their energy, might, enthusiasm

• च (ca) - and, also

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

• जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed, they struck

• लोकम् (lokam) - people, the world

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to `tāvakāḥ`.

हन्यमानाः (hanyamānāḥ) - being killed, being struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hanyamāna

hanyamāna - being killed, being struck

Present Passive Participle

Derived from verb root han (to kill, strike) + śānac suffix, passive voice

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `tāvakāḥ`.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 1)

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your men, those belonging to you

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, yours, belonging to you

Derived from 'tava' (your)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana's army.

पुरुष-ऋषभ (puruṣa-ṛṣabha) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of men, O bull among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣa-ṛṣabha

puruṣa-ṛṣabha - best of men, bull among men

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

आर्याम् (āryām) - noble, honorable, respectable

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āryā

āryā - noble, honorable, respectable

Note: Agrees with `matim`.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in fight

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, combat

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

मतिम् (matim) - mind, thought, intention, resolve

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, thought, intelligence, intention, resolve

From root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of `kṛtvā`.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from verb root kṛ (to do, make) + ktvā suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates `tyajanti sma`.

त्यजन्ति (tyajanti) - they abandon

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Used with `sma` to indicate past action.

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense for a present tense verb

(indeclinable)

संयुगम् (saṁyugam) - battle, conflict, encounter

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, conflict, encounter, war

From root yuj (to join) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Object of `tyajanti sma`.

यथा-उत्साहम् (yathā-utsāham) - according to their energy, might, enthusiasm

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+utsāha)

• yathā – as, according to, in such a manner as
  indeclinable
• utsāha – energy, enthusiasm, strength, power
  noun (masculine)
  From root sah (to bear, endure) with prefix ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `jaghnuḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 1)

जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed, they struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to `maharathāḥ`.

लोकम् (lokam) - people, the world

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, mankind

Note: Object of `jaghnuḥ`.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting a thousand foes

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, a warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `jaghnuḥ`.