महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-82, verse-21

शिरांसि रथिनां भीष्मः पातयामास संयुगे ।
तालेभ्य इव पक्वानि फलानि कुशलो नरः ॥२१॥

21. śirāṁsi rathināṁ bhīṣmaḥ pātayāmāsa saṁyuge ,
tālebhya iva pakvāni phalāni kuśalo naraḥ.

21. śirāṃsi rathināṃ bhīṣmaḥ pātayāmāsa saṃyuge
tālebhyah iva pakvāni phalāni kuśalaḥ naraḥ

21. saṃyuge bhīṣmaḥ kuśalaḥ naraḥ tālebhyah
pakvāni phalāni iva rathināṃ śirāṃsi pātayāmāsa

21. Bhishma caused the heads of charioteers to fall in battle, just as a skillful person causes ripe fruits to fall from palm trees.

Words meanings summery:

• शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

• रथिनां (rathināṁ) - of charioteers

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall, made fall

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in engagement

• तालेभ्यह् (tālebhyah) - from palm trees

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• पक्वानि (pakvāni) - ripe

• फलानि (phalāni) - fruits

• कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skillful, expert

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

Words meanings and morphology

शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

(noun)

neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head

रथिनां (rathināṁ) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer

Root: rath

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a character in the Mahabharata)

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall, made fall

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pat

Periphrastic Perfect (Causative)

Formed from causative stem 'pātaya' + auxiliary 'ās' in perfect tense.

Root: pat (class 1)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in engagement

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, engagement, fight

Derived from prefix sam- with root yuj (to join).

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

तालेभ्यह् (tālebhyah) - from palm trees

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of tāla

tāla - palm tree

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

पक्वानि (pakvāni) - ripe

(adjective)

neuter, plural of pakva

pakva - ripe, cooked, mature

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pac' (to cook, ripen).

Root: pac (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'phalāni'.

फलानि (phalāni) - fruits

(noun)

neuter, plural of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence

कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skillful, expert

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśala

kuśala - skillful, expert, clever, well-being

Note: Agrees with 'naraḥ'.

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person